Occurrence And Integrated Control Of Main Diseases Of Tomato In Greenhouse In Ningxia

The experiment mainly studied the energy-saving greenhouse tomato in Yinchuan, Ningxia. The research investigated the occurrence rule of main disease of tomato, made the pathogenicity test to two diseases of tomato, advanced the integrated control for the four main diseases, and provided a theoretical basis for controlling the tomato diseases. The results are as follows:Through test, we grasped the symptoms and rules of leaf mold, Botrytis cinerea, early blight, late blight of greenhouse tomato in Ningxia and convinced the key factors of these tomato diseases. Furthermore, we put forward the integrated control tactics that these diseases can be managed mainly by cultural and biological control with aid of chemical control.The leaf mold of tomato is infected by Fulvia fulva. High temperature and high humidity are good for the occurrence of this disease, and humidity is key factor to this disease. Dense plants, weak ventilation, rain and high humidity all benefit the occurrence of this disease. The Botrytis cinerea of tomato mainly disserve flowers and fruits.The fungus infects plants from petals and stamens. Nursery and adults can be infected. The early blight of tomato is infected by Alternaria solani, when high humidity or rain, this disease can spread quickly. The late blight of tomato is infected by Phytophthora infestans. Nursery and adults can be infected. When low temperature and high humidity occur, this disease may be very serious .All of the plants will die if the control methods applied too late.The results of the pathogenicity test of leaf mold and Botrytis cinerea show that 47% kasumin + bordeaux has obvious effect on leaf mold of tomato. After treatment, the control effects on leaf mold after lOd are 98.7%. The effects of metalaxyl and zineb are 87.7% and 78.1% respectively, but the effects of chlorothalonil and Wuyimeisu are only 37.1% and 32.0%. Therefore,the results showed that 47% of kasumin + bordeaux has obvious effect on leaf mold of tomato. It is an ideal fungicide to control leaf mold of tomato. Metalaxyl is the second.The control effect of 40% pyrimethanil to Botrytis cinerea was the best, 50%rovral the second. The second application of 50% procymidone had better effect than the first application, but was still not as good as the first two fungicides. After applying 80% mancozeb twice, the control effect was still worse, therefore can not be used as a chemical fungicide to control Botrytis cinerea. Accordingly, 50% rovral should be a best fungicide to control Botrytis cinerea.According to the occurrence rule of these four diseases and the test of leaf mold and Botrytis cinerea, the integrated control techniques for the four diseases of tomato were put forward that mainly use cultural and and biological control, with aid of chemical control.