Study On Pollination, Fertilization And Ovary Culture In Vitro Of Zizyphus Jujuba

Zizyphus jujuba is one of the characteristic and economic trees in China, and it is pressing for date industry to develop new breeds with combined quality traits. However, embryo survival ratio of jujuba is very low, and zygotic embryo produced by common crossbreeding means tends to abort or degenerate in the early developing stage, which can not meet the new demands of date industry.The stigma receptivity and pollen viability of different kinds of jujuba in different phases have been studied. We have also researched on pollination in vitro between different kinds of jujuba. Seedlings derived from embryo have been obtained through somatic embryo genesis.We observed the biological characters and the florescence of jujuba flowers, which showed that varieties of flowers differentiate in stigma receptivity in different phases. The half-open flowers of Jinaiyihao jujuba had best receptivity.Significant difference lied in pollen viability of different varieties of jujuba flowers and the longer the pollen was reserved, the lower the viability was.The ovaries of hybridization pollination enlarged well and they were similar with field ovaries in both shapes and development course when they grew well. Callus appeared at the brims of some ovaries. The living ovules derived from ovaries were big and white. The hybridization ovaries grew brown after being cultured about 80 days. The experiment screened the best medium for ovaries in vitro: SH basic medium with proper concentration auxin and CTK. Higher concentration coconut milk was benefit to ovary germination. 3%sucrose and 2% glucose promoted the development of ovaries. The hybridization embryos aborted after being cultured 14d, and abortion got worse with lengthening cultured time.The callus derived from 60-day embryos of Hebeicui jujuba developed into seedlings through somatic embryo genesis, while the 40-day embryos...