Studies On Characteristics Of Pollination In New Apricot ’Weixuan 1’

In the production of the kernel apricot, Due to the early spring blossom, it is vulnerable for it to get frost damage. New varieties Prunus armeniaca‘Weixuan 1’belongs to the hybrid offspring of the Chinese common apricots, which we selected from the cold hardiness varieties. Through grafting propagation, it has a stronger ability of resisting late frosts than local varieties. In this paper, pollination experiments and the effects of pollination tree on fruiting rate of Prunus armeniaca were studied by choosing grafting‘Weixuan 1’as female parent and different apricot tree as male parent. In order to know and master the best pollination period and pollination trees, we tested the pollen viability, stigma receptivity and the growth of pollen tube, and different pollination trees on influence of fruiting rate, seed setting rate and fruit quality. Besides, with proteomic methods, contained a comparative study on style protein between self-pollination‘Weixuan1’and self-pollination‘Longwang mao’. The specific results is drown as follows: 1. Studying self-pollination and cross pollination composes in‘Weixuan 1’. The result is drown as follows: the fruit setting rate is respectively 2.17%(<6%), which belongs to the self-incompatible variety. As the best pollination tree of‘Weixuan 1’, fruit setting rate is‘Shipianhong’(74.88%), and the highest seed rate of flower bunch like branches, the lowest is long fruit branch.2. Pollen viability of different varieties by pollen germination test in vitro. The result is drown as follows: varietal pollen viability is more than 50%,‘Weixuan 1’pollen viability high amounts to 84.31%, but germination ability of the pollen is relatively low.3. It is feasibility to test stigma receptivity by the enzidine-H2O2 also. Stigma receptivity of‘wei xuan1’start to increase after 3 h blossom, which could last for 3 d. On the first day, stigma receptivity came to a maximum of 30.67%, The relationship between stigma receptivity and color is: the receptivity is strong when stigma is yellow. As the ability weakened, stigma become brown, and pollination can’t be done while the stigma is dark brown.4. Using fluorescence spectrum technology observation, After pollinated 4 h, 8 h, 24 h, 48 h, 60 h, 72 h, pollen tubes traveling along the style in Katy could grow into ovary, and most of them in‘Weixuan 1’could stop growing with tip expanded into ball. I discovered that the pollen of self pollinated varieties on stigmas are same with the pollen of self-pollination and cross pollination composes in the pollen germination and pollen tube growth initial stage. But the pollen tube reached to the column from the ovary ca. 3/4 position 48 h after pollination, and the pollen of self pollination tube inflated in the end, stopped growing, and only a very few can reach to ovary normally. While the cross pollination could continue to grow, can enter the ovary 72 h after pollination.5. By two-dimensional electrophoresis separation, the Protein spots we got by phenol and methanol /ammonium acetate precipitation method were more suitable for the following analysis than that by TCA / acetone precipitation method, moreover, the spots could be separated better: clear, smooth, uniform distribution. Through the MALDI-TOF- TOF/MS analysis of different protein spots. Among these 12 proteins, 8 proteins were identificated effectively. Such as proteins related to plant self-incompatibility metabolism of S-RNA enzymes (11, S-the RNase) and self-incompatibility protein (8, S-locus F-box protein 4)etc.6. Through compared to different artificial pollination combinations, and the pollination offspring fruit yield, appearance, weight, nutritional etc. The results is drown as follows: Pollination progenies from the nucleation rate, the rate of out-jen, kernel of apricot were significantly higher than that of control‘Weixuan 1’natural pollination, Fruit shape index is moderate,‘Weixuan 1’בMuguaxing’pollination combination of nuclear rate is highest(15.89%).‘Weixuan 1’בKaty’pollination combination kernel ratio is highest(45.17%), After pollination, there was no significant difference in nutritional components of different varieties.