Genetic Evaluation And Utilization Of The Wheat Varieties Chuannong16 And Chuanyu16

The main wheat breeding objective in Sichuan are high yield, good quality and highly disease-resistance. Following these breeding objectives, Chuannongl6 and Chuanyul6 were evaluated by Sichuan province and state cultivars comparison trials, biochemical, molecular markers. After selecting the progeny of Chuannongl6 × Chuanyul6 several years, a series of lines with some good characteristics such as disease-resistant and good agronomic performance were developed.1. The results of State and Sichuan province cultivars comparison trials suggested that a high level of yields was observed in both Chuannongl6 and Chuanyul6. The high yield of Chuannongl6 was resulted from high effective panicle number, while that of Chuanyul6 was the result of high spikelet weight per panicle. The various yield component characters and resistances could be perfectly complementary to develop new wheat varieties. Chuannongl6 and Chuanyul6 both belong to weak gluten varieties and 1BL/1RS translocations, with the same HWM glutenin subunits (1, 20, 5+10) . But six various gliadin bands were detected within Chuannongl6 and Chuanyu16.2. The genetic variations between new wheat cultivar Chuannongl6 and Chuanyul6 were analyzed by RAPD, STS and SSR markers. The results indicated that the three molecular markers could detect the genetic difference between Chunanongl6 and Chuanyul 6. Forty-eight polymorphic bands were observed in 14 out of 71 random primers (19.72%) in RAPD analysis. Genetic differences were revealed in 4 out of 6 primer-sets (66.67%) and 19out of 72 primer-enzyme combinations (26.38%) in STS analysis, and in 24 alleles of 41 SSR loci (22. 43%) in SSR analysis.3. After selecting the progenies of Chuannongl6 * Chuanyul6 several years, 72 F4 lines were selected in 2003 .According to some main agronomic traits including plant height(<90cm), leaf type(tight) and mature stage (early) and disease resistance strength (strip rust, leaf rust and powdery mildew) in the field trail, 25 lines were screen out. Secondly, according to their spike weight, grain number per spike and 1000-grain weight, 15 lines were selected. After investigating the grain characters including ( color, luster, weight), 8 lines with high genetic stabilization and better agronomic performance were finally obtained. The agronomic traits and quality characters of Parents and progeny. It indicated that the spike number per plant of 8 F5 lines were not significantly different from Chuannongl6, while its spike weight, 1000-grain weight, and grain weight per spike were improved, the protein content of S491-8( 13. 24%)was superior to that of Chuannongl6(l 1.35%}andChuangyul6(l 1.81%). The sedimentation, wet gluten and dry gluten Of 8 F5 lines were superior to that of Chuannongl6.