Effects Of Different Ecological Environments On Potato Clonal Selections

Three first year clonal populations selected by NEAU, Institute of Keshan Potato Research and Institute of Humeng Potato Research respectively were tested in Harbin, Keshan and Jiagedaqi in 2004. Each population was composed of 100 clones. Performances of major characteristics related with breeding objectives were evaluated under different environments, by which we try to understand the effects of various environments on clonal selection on characteristics of potatoes. The characteristics we examined were tuber specific gravity, tuber yield per hill, tuber number per hill, number of main stems, number of branches, tuber shape, eye depth, plant type and growth vagour in flowering stage. The study results were as following: 1. The appropriate places for each characteristic selecionTuber specific gravity, especially high specific gravity, was relatively stable at three sites. The highest value of tuber specific gravity was gained at Jiagedqi. The performance differences of specific graviety in each population were similar both at Harbin and Jiagedaqi. However, less difference on specific gravity in populations were showed at Keshan. Jiagedqi should be an appropriate place of selection for high specific gravity.Tuber yield per hill, especially low tuber weight per hill, were relatively stable at three sites. However there was not a constant rule for performances of tuber yield per hill among populations and sites. The maximium differences of tuber yield per hill in populations were found at Harbin, which meant that Harbin is an appropriate place of selecgtion for high tuber yield. But clones of low tuber yield should be eliminated in first clonal generation because low yield is more stable than high yield.Relative stability of tuber number per hill was also found at three sites. Nevertheless, relavetive more tubers per hill were showd at Keshan. Differences of clones in each population on tuber number per hill were relative larger at Harbin, which meant that Harbin should be an appropriate site of selection for tuber number per hill.There were not obvious differences on main stem numbers at three sites. However, relative larger differences on mian stem numbers were showd at Keshan, which meant selection on main stem number at Keshan would be better. But clones with too much stems should be eliminated in time.。For the same population, high percentages of long and oblong tubers were found at Harbin, and more round tubers were showed at Jiagedaqi. Larger differences on tuber shape were showed both at Harbin and Jiagedaqi. Selection for long tubers should be carried at Harbin and for round tubers should be at Jiagedaqi.Eye depth was stable at three sites and no obvious common rules. Performances of eye depth rely onsources of clones. Differences on eye depth were more obvious at Harbin, so selection on eye depth should be carried out at Harbin.Growth vagour at flowering stage were almost same among sites. Obvious differences of clones in each population were showed at Keshan. Keshan should be an appropriate place for growth vagour selection.2 .Promising clones selectedClone with high specific gravity and high tuber yield per hill: K-100.Clone of shallow eye depth and high tuber yield per hill: K-43.Clone of long tuber shape and high tuber yield per hill: H-56, K-93, K-60, W-24.