Study On The Key Technologies For Fertilization And The Disciplinarian Of Nutrient Movement Of High Yield Wheat

Ningjin county is a district with the highest yield of crop, In it many nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) fertilizers were used, but potassium (K) fertilizer a few. It not only wasted fertilizer and reduced the rate of fertilizer utilization, but also made soil harden and the quality decreased, which restricted the agriculture healthily develop. In the thesis, field experiments were conducted to study the applying capacity of soil in Ningjin, and the effect of different fertilizer treatments on the law of nutrient absorption and translation in winter wheat, and the effect of different fertilizer amount on nutrition balance in the system of both soil and wheat, then found the best amount of N, P and K. The results as follows:1. The rate of soil contribution was 74.92%, of soil P and K 104.3% and 96.6% respectively. The supplying amount of N, P and K in soil were 203.2 kg /hm~2, 25.3 kg/hm~2, 46.9 kg/hm~2. N fertilizer cooperating with K significantly increased the providing amount of P. fertilizer cooperating with P significantly increased the providing amount of K. Compared with CK, they were separately 31.0% and 30.0% higher.2. Fertilization did not influenced the law of nutrient absorption and utilization, but effected the content of nutrient absorption. Fertilization promoted the absorption of N and K in wheat, especially the cumulative amount of K was significantly higher than CK and P fertilizer did not improve the P content of wheat. In addition, there were some important stages, jointing-booting and filling-ripening stage of N, standing-jointing and booting-filling stage of P, jointing-booting stage of K. In these stages, the nutrient accumulation and absorption were high. In order to carry out high wheat yield, it was necessary to increase the amount of K fertilization properly, keep the primary level of N fertilization and decrease the amount of P fertilization in different extent. Cooperating N with P improved the height and accumulative amount of dry matter in wheat, and the yield of NK treatment was the highest, so the effect of K fertilizer was significant. But the effect of P fertilizer was not significant. Therefore it was better to increase the amount of Kfertilizer and decrease the amount of P fertilization properly.3. The content of alkali-hydro N and available P were higher than before, but the content of available K were decreased in the low level of fertilization, while little changes in the high fertilization level. Seed was the distribution center of N and P, and stem was the distribution center of K.4. The best amount of N> P and K were 207.0 kg/hm2, 60.3kg/ hm2 and 112.5 kg / hm2, respectively. The quantity and kernel number of spike improved significantly, and the height and dry matter accumulation in wheat also increased significantly. With the fertilization increasing, the yield did not rise, but dropped. So the rate of fertilizer utilization was decreased and the yield cost increased, then the economic benefit fell.5. The treatment of Zn> Mn> B significantly advanced the height, improved the population quantity, spike quantity and yield of wheat, the spike quantity was 649.5 ten thousand/hm2and 27.10% higher than CK. Yield was 7500 kg/hm2 and 11.1% higher thanCK...