Study On The Reasonable Fertilization Of Wheat And Maize And Nutrients Distribution Of Regional Soil

Method of field trial and chemical analysis in this paper were adopted to study on reasonable fertilization of soil nutrients and wheat, maize growth and yield impact and soil nutrients associated with the yield, plentiful-lack index and distribution of soil nutrients of Wangdu county, the results showed that:1. Throughout the wheat growing period, soil nitrogen content changed with a "W"-type trend. Changes in soil phosphorus content is the first trend of decline, after rising and then drop. K soil available in the dynamic changes of soil available P and content of similar trends. The same reproductive period, the amount increased use phosphorus and potassium (nitrogen and potassium or nitrogen and phosphorus) fertilizer to promote wheat on nitrogen (phosphorus or potassium) absorption.2.Humic acid can slow release nitrogen in the soil, promote the release phosphorus in the soil, promote the release of potassium in the soil and straw analytical. Straw can also contribute to the release of soil phosphorus.3.Rational allocation of fertilizer application can significantly increase the wheat plant height, tillering and a spike rate, increase maize plant height, ear length, ear diameter and grain number per spike. Straw not to returning conditions, the optimum amount of fertilization of wheat is: N=212.31kg/hm², P₂O₅=152.23kg/hm², K₂O=117.51kg/hm², the latter part of the optimum amount of fertilization of the maize is: N=153.57kg/hm², P₂O₅=72.17kg/hm², K₂O=117.66kg/hm². And straw not to returning conditions, the optimum amount of fertilization of wheat is: N=187.52kg/hm², P₂O₅=19.48kg/hm², K₂O=50.57kg/hm², the latter part of the optimum amount of fertilization of the maize is: N=117.65kg/hm², P₂O₅=68.97kg/hm², K₂O=53.19kg/hm².4.In soil alkaline hydrolysis N content and wheat yield existence extremely remarkable correlation, the regression equation is y=x/(5.8576×10^-5x+0.0111),r=0.6807^**; available P content of the soil and wheat yield also significant existence extremely remarkable correlation, the regression equation is y=2935.3x^0.2444, r = 0.6986^**; available K content in soil and wheat production also exists a significant correlation, the regression equation is y=x/(9.48×10^-5x+0.0098), r=0.7071^**.5.Between the soil alkaline hydrolysis N content and the relative yield assumes the extremely remarkable logarithm correlation, and the Equation is y = 0.3474Ln(x) - 0.6988, R²=0.6499^**. Plentiful-lack index of soil nitrogen nutrients of Wangdu county wheat fields is N <32mg/kg for the missing, 32～65mg/kg for the low, 65～115mg/kg for the mediem, and N> 115mg/kg for the high. Between the soil available P content and the relative yield assumes the extremely remarkable logarithm correlation, and the Equation is y=0.3082Ln(x)-0.0346, R²=0.7526^**. Plentiful-lack index of soil phosphorus nutrients of Wangdu county wheat fields is P<5.7mg/kg for the missing, 5.7～12.8mg/kg for the low, 12.8～24.4mg/kg for the median, and P>24.4mg/kg for the high. Between the soil available K content and the relative yield assumes the extremely remarkable logarithm correlation, and the Equation is y=0.2306Ln(x)-0.157,R=0.6188^**. Plentiful-lack index of soil phosphorus nutrients of Wangdu county wheat fields is K<17mg/kg for the missing, 17～51mg/kg for the low, 51～122mg/kg for the median, and K>122mg/kg for the high.6. Since second nation general detailed soil survey, alkaline hydrolysis N in Wangdu farming soil increase from 35mg/kg to 103mg/kg, grew 2.9 times; available P increase from 11mg/kg to 21.7mg/kg, grew 2 times; available K increase from 93.2mg/kg to 99.4mg/kg, Almost no change.7. The soil alkaline hydrolysis N content most concentrate in 60～150mg/kg in Wangdu county, the alkaline hydrolysis N content only accounts for 5% in the 60mg/kg below soil, the content accounts for 26% in the 60～90mg/kg soil, the content accounts for 46% in the 90～120mg/kg soil, the content accounts for 20% in the 120～150mg/kg soil, the content accounts for 4% in the 150mg/kg above soil. The soil available P content most concentrates in 6～60mg/kg, the available P content only accounts for 2.9% in the 6mg/kg below soil, the content accounts for 60.3% in the 6～20mg/kg soil, the content accounts for 28.1% in the 20～40mg/kg soil, the content accounts for 4.9% in the 40～60mg/kg soil, the content accounts for 3.8% in the 60mg/kg above soil. The soil available K content most concentrates in 50～150mg/kg, the available K content only accounts for 4% in the 50mg/kg following soil, the content accounts for 54% in the 50～100mg/kg soil, the content accounts for 31% in the 100～150mg/kg soil, the content accounts for 6% in the 150～200mg/kg soil, the content accounts for 3% in the 200mg/kg above soil.