Studies On Soilless Culture In Potted Malus Spectabilis

By means of orthogonal tyrotational combination design, a three-factor (N, P K) substrate cultivation experiment was conducted onNPK content for soilless culture of Malus spectabilis, and the regressive equation was established between the application level of N P K and the effects on morphological and physiological indexes of Malus spectabilis.Also this paper will provide the technical system about other fruit trees and horticulture plants for soilless culture study and production in factory.The result indicated that:1. K was the limiting factor to the numbers of blossom of Malus spectabilis, P and N were the next in order. N had positive effects on the mumbles of blossom and P, K had negative effect. The results showed that the optimum fertilization formulation for the most numbers of blossom was, N: 12.2 mmol/L;P: 2.5-3.9 mmol/L;K: 3.5-9.2 mmol/L. .2. N had the most effect on the ornamental quality of Malus spectabilis, it increased the content of chlorophyll content in leaf and materially influenced on anthocyanin content in fruit.N and K were obvious interaction on anthocyanin content in fruit. It got better when N and K made the effect with each other. The appropriate application of P and K promoted the ornamental quality obviously. The results indicated that the optimum fertilization formulation for high ornamental quality was, N: 12.2 mmol/L;P: 2.5-3.9 mmol/L and K: 3.5-9.2 mmol/L.3. N had the most effect on the N P K content in the leaf of Malus spectabilis. With the low application of N (≤15.5 mmol/L) , there were significant positive effects on the content of NPK and positive interaction between P and K, but when the application of N was high ( ≥22 mmol/L) , the result was reverse. With the low application of P (≤2.23 mmol/L) , there were positive effects on the content of N, but reverse, when the application was high (≥3 mmol/L) . P and K had positive interaction.4. N was the limiting factor to the growth of Malus spectabilis. The level of application of N had direct effect, and P and K were obvious interacting on the increase of length of one-year-old stems and the trunk diameter. When the application of N and P were high in the range of the definition, the growth of Malus spectabilis was restrained but the concentration of N and P in leaf were still continued to increase. The results indicated that it could be increased the length of one-year-old stems and the trunk diameter strongly, when application of N: 20.77-22.87 mmol/L;P: 1.02-2.10 mmol/L;P:7.78-15.00 mmol/L.5. The optimum content of N could increase the cold hardiness of one-year-old stems of Malus spectabilis. When the application of N was high, the shoot grew strongly and the organism wasn't abundant, simultaneously, N, P and K were out of tune, decreased the cold hardiness of one-year-old stems. K had positive effects on the cold hardiness. There was positive interaction between N and K when they were in the proper ratio. The results showed that the optimum fertilization formulation for cold hardiness of one-year-old stems was, N: 6.02-12.34mmol/L, P: 1.02~2.82mmol/L and K: 3.46-10.66mmol/L.