Detection And Control Of Nematodes On Potted Landscapes From Zhejiang

A systematic survey on the plant parasitic nematodes on the rhizosphere of potted landscapes from Zhejiang was carried out in this study. Based on the morphological observation and morphometrics, 12 species from 7 genus of Tylenchida, Dorylaimida and Triplonchida were identified, i.e. Tylenchus davainei, Psilenchus hilarulus, Filenchus vulgaris, Tylenchorhynchus ewingi, T. thermophilus, T. leviterminalis, T. siccus, Paratrichodorus porosus, Helicotylenchus dihystera, H. digonicus, Xiphinema insigne and X. americanum sensu lato, in which Tylenchus davainei, Psilenchus hilarulus, Filenchus vulgaris, Tylenchorhynchus ewingi, T.leviterminalis were recorded for the first time in Zhejiang, Tylenchorhynchus thermophilus and T. siccus were new record in China, and the hosts of potted landscapes used in this study were new hosts for the corresponding nematodes, respectively.Control effects of three nematocieds, 10% rugby, 1.8% abamectin and 10% phenamiphos, to nematodes in potted landscapes was conducted. It is indicated that the nematodes from the rhizhosphere of Podocarpus macrophyllus, Buxus microphylla and Phyllostachys nigra were decreased correspondly after 7, 30 and 60 days by using 10% rugby and 1.8% abamectin diluted at 1:2000,1:1000 and 1:500, of which the highest nematode decrease rate was at the dilution on 1: 500.Based on the morphological comparison, six Helicotylencus and three Tylenchorhynchus populations from different areas of China were identified with rDNA-PCR-RFLPs. The results showed that three Helicotylenchus populations, Changxing population from Zhejiang, Taian population from Shandong and a population from Germany, amplified the same length of ITS region, with the size about 1,000 bp. Among the other three Helicotylenchus populations, two of which, Anji and Tianmu mountain, Zhejiang with the size l,200bp, and the populatin from Linfen, Shanxi yield the fragment at the length about l,300bp. The ITS region of rDNA of six Helicotylenchus populations were digested with six restriction enzymes, AluI, AvaI, HaeIII, HinfI, MspI and RsaI. Four clades were found according to the digestion patterns and sequence alignments, of which Changxing population from Zhejiang, Taian population from Shandong, and the population from Germany were composed a clade, and Tianmu mountin and Anji population from Zhejiang, and the population from Linfen, Shanxi were another three clades. According the the sequence differences and morphological comparison, the Taian population from Shandong and the population from Germany were identified as H. glissus, Changxing population, Anji population, the population from Tianmu mountain, and Linfen population were identified as H. teleductus, H. dihystera, H. densibulatus, and H. pteracerus, respectively.The ITS region of rDNA of three Tylenchorhynchus populations from Buxus microphylla,Psendosasa japonica and Phyllostachys aureosulcata f. spectabilis were amplified, all populations produced a sequence with the length about l,000bp. After digestion with six restriction enzymes, Aval, Hae\ll, Hinfl, Mval, Mspl and Rsal. No digestion pattern differences were detected among the three populations, but compared with differences on both the morphological characters and sequences of ITS, two species were identified, the populations from Buxus microphylla and Psendosasa japonica were identified as Tylenchorhynchus thermophilus, and the population from Phyllostachys aureosulcata f. spectabilis identified as Tylenchorhynchus siccus.