| In this study the forest distribution maps of 1968 and 2004 in the Tangwanghe bureau of forestry, Heilongjiang Province were studied as main data base, combined with the natural survey and management history of the area studied, with the GIS as technical support, the geographic database of the forest resources in 1968 and 2004 was established and the digital recurrence of the two stages of forest resources was realized. The structural changes of forest resources was obtained through the analysis of the variations of quantities, types and space distributions of forests and forest lands resources, furthermore, the variations of landscape patterns caused by the variations of forest resources structures were revealed based on the analysis of landscape structures. Through the integration of DEM and present status of landscape, the relationship between forest resources and ecological environment was reflected more objectively. The study was conducted from the following aspects:1.The quality, quantity and space distribution situation of the forest resources in the bureau in 1968 and 2004 were made clearly, the database integrated with the attribute and space data of forest resources was established, GIS of two stages was formed, the digital reconstruction of forest distribution was realized. In this 40 years, the study showed that the areas of forest land and shrubbery land increased, the forest cover rate and land use capability increased, areas of artificial forest increased much, the structure of forest category was improved. The amount of growing stock decreased much, the age group and density structure of forest stand was of severe maladjustment, the amount of growth increased little. Meanwhile, the areas of land without forest increased and its distribution extended.2. Quantitative depicts and qualitative analysis for the space distribution and transformation of forest resources in the area during nearly 40 years were performed. Due to long period intensive and excessive felling, the inner structure of forest was destroyed severely. Though nowadays the force of resource management and reforestation was tighten, the forest areas increased, it was still urged to improve the amount of growing stock, forest structure and age groups structure with scientific methods and effective measures.3.The variations of forest landscape structure were compared and analyzed based on the methods of landscape ecology. Quantitative analysis was performed for the space characters in the stages of 1968 and 2004 at the aspect of landscape ecology, the transformation probability was confirmed for all kinds of landscape types. The results indicated that landscape types increased, the quantity of patch decreased, the average area of patch increased, the proportion of near-mature forest, mature forest and overmatured forest in the landscape decreased, the proportion of coniferous forest and valuable broadleaf broad-leaved forest increased, the patchof building plot increased obviously. The integrity of landscape did not break up, and the shapeof patch went complex.4.Appling the integration of DEM and present status of landscape, the status of landscapepattern in the area studied was clarified more clearly in term of stereo, the space pattern oflandscape ecology type distribution and variation caused by human beings were learned, which provide references for the further regionalization of landscape, protection, planning and decision making of ecological environment.In this study, by means of the three space information techniques-GIS, RS and GPS, in combination with GPS, ground survey and other graph material, with applying the geographic information system software-ARCGIS8.3 and ArcView3.3, digitization the forest map acquired in 1968, the space database of the forest resources was established and the management of forest resources was realized.In a word, by the support of RS, GIS and GPS, through the comprehensive analysis of forest resources, forest landscape and + Digital Elevation Model (DEM) , the monitoring of the forest resources in the Tangwanghe bureau of forestry in nearly 40 years was realized. The results were of great theoretical and practical senses to the management and utilization of forest resources, construction of ecological environment. |
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