Cytoplasm Effect Of Several Major Characters In Maize Hybrids And Analysis On Their DNA With Molecular Markers

Making use of cytoplasmic male sterility(CMS) to produce hybrid seeds can get good effect of heterosis. As CMS was widely used in maize breeding, breeders had studied the cytoplasmic effect on agronomic characters. In our investigation, 2 series of isonuclear-allocytoplasmic lines in crosses with five testers were used to compose incomplete diallel cross. We analysed the effect of cytoplasm on several major quantitative traits. The effect of cytoplasm includes effect of cytoplasm, tester-cytoplasm interaction, tester-maintainer-cytoplasm interaction. RAPD makers were used to analyse DNA difference of crosses at last. The results are as follows:1. The effect of tester and maintainer on 100-grain weight, ear diameter, grain yield ear length, rows per ear, ear weight, plant height and ear height reached significant level. Interaction between tester and maintainer influenced all characters investigated significantly. The effect of cytoplasm, cytoplasm-tester interaction, cytoplasm-tester- maintainer interaction on grain yield, plant height and ear height reached significant level.2. Compared with normal cytoplasm, sterile cytoplasm had negative influence on ear diameter. The effect of T sterile cytoplasm on ear diameter reached significant level. Sterile cytoplasm had positive effect on 100-grain weight, but didn't reach significant level. Sterile cytoplasm affected grain yield negatively, and the effect of T, C cytoplasm was significantly different from normal cytoplasm. Sterile cytoplasm had significant negative action on plant height. As for ear height, T cytoplasm had negative effect. Sterile cytoplasm C, S had positive action.3. Sterile cytoplasm interacted with tester ES40, 5022 and S37 had negative effect on grain yield, plant height. This result is identical with the effect of CMS on those traits. Nevertheless, CMS had positive effect on tester White-18. CMS interacted with this tester...