The Physiological Study For The Development Of Fruit Quality Of Different Pollination Combination In Apple

The experiment had been carried out in apple base of Yiyuan in Shan-dong province and college of horticulture science and engineering,Shandong Agriculture University from 2008 to 2009. 9 male pollen such as Hehong, Meihong, Hongxing, Quanjiahong, Daoge, Huoyan, Xuanli, Xueqiu, Fenya were tested as pollinators for the vigorous adult trees of Fuji apple cultivar for studying the Physiology of germination of the Starking Apple and the effect of xenia of different pollination varieties on fruit quality in order to preliminary study the generation mechanism of xenia. The main results were as follows:1. Result showed that the germination and protraction of pollen increased and then decreased by temperature and concentration increasing in different vitro experiment; different temperature and sucrose concentrations had effected on the process of germination and growth of pollen: the extrinsic cultivating environment of low temperature and high concentration postpone the process, and the high temperature and low concentration accelerate the process; inclusion of pollen was probably the main resource of nutrition at the beginning period of pollen germinating; the extrinsic cultivating environment was the most important factor for growing pollen in maintaining the balance of the osmotic in vitro especially in the high temperature during growth.2. There was not physiological barrier between Starking apple and Fuji apple when the culture temperature was 20℃, and the pollen tube extended to the ovule in 96h after pollinated; but the fertilization could be not completed in high temperature(35℃), and the reason was that the pollen tube stop growing because of callose deposition in the end of pollen tube.3. The effect of xenia on the apple fruit quality was important, and results showed that the xenia had obvious effect on fruit weight, soluble solids content, titratable acidity and and thocyanin content; the paper revealed that the xenia of fruit had more obvious effect in the different relative level than the same level, and the whole level of fruit quality was lower than the other fruits when the pollen was from Quanjiahong, Daoge, Xuanli, Xueqiu, Fenya.4. Studying showed that the GA, ZR was not the key hormones in the production mechanism of xenia, but the ABA and IAA was important for the xenia: the content of IAA in the fruit pollinated by Hehong pollen was decreased and ABA increased that made lower growth of fruit, and mature quickly in 24 week; but in the same period the content of IAA was increased and ABA decreased when the pollinator was Meihong, that made the fruit continue development and have excellent quality, and the fruit pollinated Meihong stopped grouth and beginned maturiy.The producing site of endogenous hormones was difference because different development period, the results show that the seed content of endogenous hormones maybe regulate the production mechanism of pollen xenia by controlling the change of flesh content of hormones, but the concrete mechanism was still unknown, and needed further study.