| Hyperuricemia is a diseases caused by purine metabolic disorders or uric acid excretion decrease.Clinical characteristics of hyperuricemia is chalk stone,arthritis,kidney stone, ureteral etc.Urate crystal deposition will impel inflammatory cells to phagocytic reaction and released several proinflammtory and algesic factors during the process of phagocytosis, thereby causing more extensive inflammation.Epidemiological studies have shown that hyperuricemia incidence is increasing trend of China's chickens kept in cages.The main reason is the feed protein and calcium content is too high, and lack of vitamins A and D.Concern is the many sick chickens with abnormal hemorheology and uric acid metabolism enzyme.Vasoactive intestinal peptide is a bridge between the nervous system and the immune system. It ont only could relax vascular smooth muscle and dilate blood vessels but also played an important role in immunomodulation.Recent studies show, vasoactive intestinal peptide participate in T, B lymphocyte maturation, promote the secretion of macrophage inflammatory factor,inhibit the macrophages produce proinflammatory. VIP could both dilate blood vessels to promote the excretion of uric acid and take effect on anti-inflammatory in hyperuricemia inflammation.Therefore, we think VIP is the effective treatment drugs of chickens hyperuricemia. To further clarify the effect of VIP in chicken hyperuricemia, models of hyperuricemia chicken induced by high protein and high protein diets high in calcium.The expression of VIP immunopositive cells in thymus,spleen and bursa of Fabricius were deteced with immunohistochemical SABC method. The computer image analysed average optical density of VIP immunopositive cells. Disposed the data of the computer image analysis by SPSS for windows 11.5 statistical software to observe the distribution of VIP immunopositive cells and never fiber in the main immune organs of hyperuricemia chickens. Investigate the effect of VIP in chicken hyperuricemia in order to provide a new idea for clinical treatment of hyperuricemia. The changes of key enzyme and hemorheology index were tested with biochemistry method in order to investgate the athogenesis and hemorheology in the hyperuricemia chickens.Experimental results and conclusions are as follows①The feeding of high protein diets and high protein diets high in calcium can successfully build chicken hyperuricemia model.②Observation of immunohistochemistry method:VIP expression in the immune organs were increased in the high protein diet group and high protein diets high in calcium group compared with the control group (P﹤0.05). Compared with the high protein diet group, the VIP expression in the high protein diets high in calcium group had the trend of rising,but the results showed no significant difference(P﹥0.05). Observation of biochemistry method: The activity expression of xanthine oxidase(XOD) and adenosine deaminase(ADA) on 14 days showed no significant difference compared with the contol group(P>0.05).That of guanosine deaminase(GD) were increased obviously on 14 days(P﹤0.05). The activity expression of ADA on 28 days showed no significant difference(P>0.05).That of XOD,GD were increased obviously on 28 days(P﹤0.05). The activity expression of XOD,ADA,GD were increased obviously on 42 days(P﹤0.05). The whole blood viscosity increased significantly on 14 and 28 days at lower shear rate in the disease of hyperuricemia.(P﹤0.05),that increased significantly at every shear rate on 42 days(P﹤0.05). Hematocrit and erythrocyte sedimentation had the trend of rising , but those elements showed no obviously different compared with that of contol group(P﹥0.05).Erythrocyte deformation index decreased obviously on 28 days (P﹤0.05). Erythrocyte aggregation index had the trend of rising,but the result showed on significant difference(P﹥0.05).The expression of VIP in thymus,spleen and bursa of Fabricius were increased .The increasing density and degree of immumstaining is manifested mainly in T cell,B cell,macrophage and never fiber.It can be seen that hyperuricemia could induce immune organ to produce VIP. VIP might mediate immune system interaction with neuroendocrine system as a kind of signal peptide and was involved in chickens hyperuricemia.The athogenesis of hyperuricemia in chicken may be associated with VIP,the active of key enzyme and the changes of hemorheology. |
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