Flood And Drought Disaster's Space And Time Characteristic Research In Anhui Province

The flood and drought disaster is most frequent and the serious in Anhui Province,It restricts the serious socio-economic development. Therefore ,analyzes the Anhui Province flood and drought disaster's space and time characteristic for the significance of, scientifically the formulation and the choice reduce disaster, reduced flood and drought disaster creates personnel casualty, losses and so on agriculture, social economy, to obtain effective control of flood and drought disasters. This article take this as a starting point, through to historical material and data collected, application of statistical analysis and GIS exploratory spatial data analysis methods, carries on the analysis to the Anhui Province flood and drought disaster's space and time characteristic. The main research content and the achievement are as follows:Of the 1644-2000 drought and flood years and years after the founding of 1949-1994 drought disaster area, by analyzing the time characteristics of disaster: In the province the flood and drought disaster occurs frequently, and the flood and drought disaster occurs alternately; In the entire research time series, the flooding disaster easy to occur compared to the arid disaster; Has south the flooding probability the area and the entire province scope basic same, but the northern area is high; Has the arid probability north and south two wide ranges basic same, but is higher than the entire province scope; Through different periods of drought and flood that: Although each research time section by flooding disaster primarily, but presents the waterlogged year to reduce gradually, the drought year increases gradually tendency, explained that in the province the flooding disaster occurs reduces gradually, the arid disaster's occurrence increases gradually, but has the big flooding disaster's probability to rise gradually; Through the analysis of drought and flood levels reached cumulative departure: In the province obviously presents take Republic of China first year (1912) as the boundary moist time and the dry spell. Various administrative units of the province the number of flood and drought disasters statistical, further analysis obtains in the province the flood and drought disaster's spatial distribution characteristic: Drought entire province various areas have the occurrence, Occurrence in the middle of north-south direction, showing the trend of high and low sides, and the north than the south, In the east-west direction and show a trend from west to east high; High frequency of drought in areas more scattered, Concentrated in the province between the northern and southeastern, while the northern part of weak Huaibei. Floods are more concentrated in space, High frequency of occurrence of floods for the Huai River region, followed along the Yangtze River, floods occur less frequently in central and southern regions of the province, The Huaihe region and among the Dabie Mountain area Jianghuai, South of Yangzi River's southern Anhui mountainous area flooding disaster is also wea.In the valley of the 1949-1994 analysis shows inundated area, Flood and drought disaster area is larger for the Huaihe River Basin, The basin drought have risen. The Xin'an river basin flood disaster disaster area presents the tendency which increases, explained that the mountainous area flood disaster has the development, The waterlogged stain disaster mainly concentrates in the province the Huaibei area and along the river the area. According to the landform unit, The Huai He Valley is the flood and drought disaster heavy area, Jianghuai Region affected by drought, Heavy flooding along the Yangtze River, Dabie Mountains and Mountainous Areas prone to drought, but heavy rain is also easy to scour occurs. According to the above analysis explained the causes of floods and droughts, mitigation measures proposed.