| As an edible and medicinal mushroom, Auricularia auricular is cultivated around our country. In recent years, the substitute cultivation of A. auricular developed rapidly, so the consuming of forest resources increased with each passing day. In order to meet the market supply of A.auricular and protect forest ecosystem at the same time, we should find some substitute materials for the cultivation of A.auricular. In this study, formula screening tests were conducted to investigate the feasibility of some agricultural or forestry wastes for A.auricular cultivation. This study also discussed the correlation ships between the properties of substrate and mushroom A.auricular. Moreover, a pot experiment was conducted to study the effects of adding spent compost (SC) on relief of cabbage salt stress and soil secondary salinization in facility cultivation.The results are summarized as follows:(1) Cultivating A.auricular on substrate containing bamboo crumbs, the chemical properties of substrate were suitable for mycelium growth. However, the bamboo fiber could puncture the bag easily, so the cultivation failed for infection. This indicated that if we want to use bamboo branches as substitute materials for A.auricular cultivation, we should solve the problem of crushing bamboo branches reasonablely.(2) Cultivating A.auricular on substrate containing Nephrdepis auriculata, the highest yield was 67.49g·bag-1, but it was only about 65% of that in commonly cultivation. However, the quality of mushroom product was high, and the crude protein, total sugar, microelements, and amino acids were all abundant.(3) Cultivating A.auricular on substrate containing Miscanthus floridulu, the mycelium grew well, but the fruit body grew bad. When the scale of Miscanthus floridulu in main materials followed to 30%, the yield was 66.80g·bag-1.(4) Cultivating A.auricular on substrate containing Camellia sinensis pruning waste, the yield and quality of mushroom product were both good. Especially when using Camellia sinensis pruning waste lonely as substrate, the yield was up to 116.48g·bag-1, and it was enhanced by 15% as compared with CK.(5) The result was unsatisfactory when using Myrica-like mosquitomam pruning waste only as substrate for A.auricular cultivation, but the yield enhanced drastically when decreased the scale of Myrica-like mosquitomam pruning waste in substrate. The amino acids contents of mushroom cultivated on substrate containing Myrica-like mosquitomam pruning waste were abundant, and the maximum was 134.13 mg·g-1 which increased by 22:62% in comparison with CK.(6) The result of cultivating A. auricular on substrate containing Pyrus spp pruning waste was in accordance with that containing Myrica-like mosquitomam pruning waste. It can abtain both high yield and quality if the scale of Pyrus spp pruning waste in substrate is reasonably.(7) Cultivation of A. auricular using substrates, which contains tree pruning waste from Morus alba L., Pyrus spp, Vitis vinifera,and Prunus persica (L.) Batsch as major components was investigated. There were different effects on A.auricular's yield and quality when using different substitute materials. The highest yield appeared in substrate using Morus alba L. as main material, and the quality of mushroom cultivated on substrate using Pyrus spp was the highest.(8) The soil pH tended to neutral, organic matter and available P content in soil enhanced significantly after 60 days cultivation with SC adding, which indicated soil fertility was improved, and SC could reduce soil salt accumulation. The Increasing amplitude of the total water-soluble salt of soil was less than the control, and the optimum dose of SC adding is 10g·kg-1. The germination rate, plant height, fresh weight and vitamin C content of cabbage all increased compared with control. Simultaneously, the Proline content of cabbage decreased significantly after application of SC. All these indicated that SC can ameliorate cabbage growth environment, and alleviate the harm of salt stress.
|
PDF Full Text Request