The Research On The Causes Of Soil Erosion And Application In The Comprehensive Treatment Of Soil And Water Erosion In The Jabi Quarit Watershed Production Process

The severe soil and water erosion in the Ethiopia Plateau had not only made local eco-environment fragile, impoverished local people, but also brought out great hazards to national food security. The development of soil and water conservation in Ethiopia Plateau had a strategic significant to gain sustainable development of national food. In this article, Jabi Quarit Watershed had been used as a sample watershed. The causes of soil erosion had been analyzed and the measures of conservation and rehabilitation had been designed in line with the reality of the Jabi Quarit Watershed. The specific contents were as follows:(1)The whole situation of Jabi Quarit watershed had been introduced, that contained geology situation, physiognomy situation, land use situation, soil loss situation and the current situation of soil and water conservation.(2) The causes of the soil erosion had been analyzed. The effect on soil loss and soil and water conservation rehabilitation had been analyzed through natural aspect, such as rain fall and vegetation. The deep-seated causes of soil erosion had been analyzed through the society aspects.(3) The measures of soil and water conservation and rehabilitation had been analyzed in Jabi Quarit in Ethiopia Plateau. Sub-watershed-based comprehensive rehabilitation measures had been planned according to the different soil loss characters, regulars and types.(4) The guideline for the soil and water conservation and rehabilitation in the Jabi Quarit watershed had been analyzed and defined. Zones for soil and water conservation and ecological function had been compartmentalized. Soil and water loss had been categorized. The layout of measures for the soil and water conservation and rehabilitation in the Jabi Quarit watershed had been defined in line with characteristics of individual zones.(5) In line with the natural and social characters and requirements for economic development in the watershed, the soil and water conservation and rehabilitation plantation had been made as follow:For slope area, the measures of terracing for basic agricultural lands, vegetation rehabilitation and ecological restoration were dominated. Key dam construction prevailed in the gullies, with medium-small-size trap dam construction worked as supplement. Supervision and law enforcement on soil and water conservation and monitoring were the main focus in terms of no-structure measures. And scientific research, technology introduces and extension should be enhanced. Concerning the administrative measures, establishment of management with high-efficiency, formulation of favorable policies and regulations and advocating scientific administrative regulations should be at the core.In this article, according to the principles and measures of comprehensive treatment of soil and water conservation, Jabi Quarit watershed planning had been designed in Ethiopia Plateau. Through reasonable planning, combined physical soil conservation, biological soil conservation and cultivation soil conservation to put forward ecological home garden management as base, shaped the point to line, line to surface, accomplished watershed comprehensive conservation eventually. According to Systematic and hierarchic principles, based on reasonable protect and collocate resources, in the line with ecological benefit, sociological benefit and economical benefit to offer a proposal to solve the server soil erosion in Ethiopia Plateau.