Compatibility Study On Cultivating Calluses Of Apple Malus Hupeihensis (Pamp.) Rehd. Var. Taiensis G. Z. Qian And M. Hupeihensis (Pamp.) Rehd. Var. Mengshanensis G. Z. Qian

Malus hupeihensis (Pamp.) Rehd. var. taiensis G. Z. Qian and M. hupeihensis (Pamp.) Rehd. var. mengshanensis G. Z. Qian are two varieties of Malus hupehensis,which distribute in Taishan and Mengshan of Shandong Province. But when they graft on apples, they express great their difference on the compatibilities. When apples grafts on var. mengshanensis, the compatibility is very well, the trees grow quickly and show arborescent, so it has been adopted as the common rootstock of apple. When apples grafts on var. taiensis, the scion grows weakly, and is hardly to survive though it maybe live in the first year. In this paper, the calli of apple, var. taiensis, var. mengshanensis were induced and fourthly, the calli of apple and var. taiensis, var. mengshanensis were cultured together to observe their connection. This was trying to discover the mechamism of the great differences of grafting compatibility between the two materials. This may be great helpful for the breeding of new apple stocks on the theoretical basis. The main results are:Ⅰ.The best explants for apple, var. taiensis and var. mengshanensis calluses induce are young leaves. The young leaves, young branches and dormant buds were choosen as explants to induce calli in this experience. Among them, the young leaves were identified to be best, they were easy to disinfect, with lower rates of pollution and browning, and the calluses grow exuberantly.Ⅱ.The optimum combination of hormone is 6-BA1.5 mg·L^-1+ NAA 1.5 mg·L^-1 by screening callus culture of apple, var. taiensis and var. mengshanensis. Orthogonal experimental design was adopted to test the function of different combination of hormone, and at last, the combination showing above was abviously better than others, the calli grow well, the calli are brightly green pale yellow and the cells are loosen and they are in porous condition.Ⅲ. No diffences were found in the heal culture between apple-var. taiensis and apple-var. mengshanensis, thus the diffences of grating compatibility was probably not occurred in the calli period, it maybe take place when the callus differentiation occurred. In other words, the difference of grating compatibility may be caused by the diffences of matural tissue formation. This will be discussed in the future experiments.