Soil-Tree Nutrient Characteristics Research Of The Main Grape Planting Areas In Hebei Province

Under the current situation of grape production, the traditional fertilization not only has lead to the waste of resources and deterioration of ecological environment, but also caused a decline in grape quality and yield. Therefore, it is a key to improve grape production that ensures the quality and yield of grape with combination to the reasonable nutrient inputs.In this study, soil nutrient and fertilization status in the main grape producing areas of Hebei Province were investigated. both the high and low grape production of the fresh and the wine vineyards were selected as the research object park, by the methods of field sampling in specific pilots and laboratory analysis. As the views of fertilization and nutrient balance, nutrient management and changes in nutrient absorption of tree body were analysed. The current study revealed that the dynamic changes of nutrient in the soil and in trees. The main results of this study are shown as follows:(1) Soil fertility condition was good in the current main areas of Hebei (Huailai, Zhuolu, Changli) vineyards. Overall, P and K nutrient contents in the soil were generally in the moderate level, but in several vineyards N and K contents in the soil were relatively low; soil Fe and Cu content was rich, and Zn content was in the moderate level, but Mn content was at a low level.(2) County differences between the type and amount of fertilizer larger. NPK nutrients into harmonious proportions, the proportion of low K; application time was inappropriate, the excessive growth of N, P and K can not be timely supply. Three regional fertilizer nutrient inputs were higher than the total input of organic fertilizer. The total amount of organic and inorganic nutrient inputs to the highest Zhuolu, Changli second, pregnant to a minimum.(3) In the fixed-point tracking wineyards, nutrient input in high and low yield wineyards of the local place are relative high with serious surplus, surplus amount of NPK in fresh grape wineyards are 693.3 ,663.9 ,705.3 kg/hm2 respectively, and 145.9 ,353.3 ,246.4 kg/hm2 in wine grape wineyards; high yield wineyards are more concerned about the entire growing season, potassium demand and potassium topdressing in the critical growing period; soluble fruit solids and the reducible Vc in high yield wineyard of fresh grape is obviously higher than that of the low yield wineyard; NPK fertilizer productivity in high yield wineyard of wine grape obviously higher than that of the low yield wineyard, which realizes efficient use of nutrient resources.(4) Trunk nitrogen content leaf bladeï¹¥petiole, fruit ear, showing an overall downward trend in the growing season, soil nitrate nitrogen and trunk nitrogen content has no significant correlations; leaf posphorus changes dramatically, fresh and wine grape presents a"high-low-high"and M-like dynamic change, the petiole and fruit ear fluctuates slightly, contents of soil available phosphorus and leaf phosphorus shows a trend of negative correlation; potassium content of plant in the entire growing season shows a trend of petioleï¹¥fruit earï¹¥leaf blade, potassium changes greatly in petiole, while high yield wineyards after flowering always maintains a relative high soil potassium supply level. It is recommended that leaf blade after flowering shall be selected for diagnosis of nitrogen and phosphorus nutrition of grape plant, while petiole after flowering for potassium.(5) In the whole growth period, the Fe content in tree leaves> fruit ear> petiole, gradually increase the Fe content in leaves, petioles, the basic stability of the Fe content; tree leaves Mn content was increased fluctuations in young fruits of the maximum peak petiole gradually increased, reached the maximum maturity; tree within the same tissue Zn content in the same trend was no difference between species, in the bud stage to young fruit period, were significantly increased in leaves, and then stabilized, while the petiole the fluctuations, in the young fruit stage and the color of both the peak value; leaves, fruit ear fluctuations in the Cu content increased, the Cu content of the petiole base to stabilize.