| In order to discuss phenotype difference and photosynthetic physiology clones of young Camellia oleifera Group Gan, supplying theory the basis of using germ plasm resour- ce and real production, the study with 10 clones of 5-year Camellia oleifera Group Gan as materials(wu 1,wu 12,gar,gan 68,gan 70,gan shi 84-3,gan shi 84,gan xing 46,gan xing 48 and yong 5), comparative analysised and valulated mmorplogical characteristics growing characteristics,fruit characteristics and photosynthetic physiology.The chief research results as follows:(1) The tree body structure of yong 5,gan 68 separately were plateautype and umbrella type.The crown were tight.The other 8 clones were the shape of round or spheroidal; the branch angle of yong 5 was the smallest, about 15°, the branch angle of gan shi 84-8 and wu 12 were 40°.(2) Variance analysis showed that there was significant differences on leaf length,leaf width and leafindex.the leaf length of gan shi 84-8 and gan 8 were longest,wu 12 with the shortest. Leaf length variation coefficient range were from 5.0%-13.4%,with the minimum of gan shi 84-8 and maximal of gan 70.The leaf width of gan 70 and gan shi 84-8 were broadest,wu 12 was the narrowest. Leaf width variation coefficient range was from 6.6%-14.8%,with the maximal yong 5. Yong 5's leaf index was between 2-3, for ellipse.Other clones with the leaf index were less than 2,for roundness. Leaf index variation coefficient range was from 5.4%-15.6%. Different clones were more difference between leaf variation coefficient,variation relatively rich.The leaf thickness from big to small were gan 8>gan shi 84-8>xing 46>wu 12,gan 70>xing 48,yong 5>wu 1,gan shi 84-3>gan 68.(3) Variance analysis showed that there was significant differences on fruit morphology in different clones.On the whole the differences on fruit hight was smaller than fruit diameter.gan 8 and gan 68's fruits were hightest,gan shi 84-8 and xing 48 were shortest, fruit hight variation coefficient range were from gan 8's 6.7% to wu 12's 11.9%.On fruit diameter, the variation coefficient range were from xing 48's 7.5% to gan 68's 15.7%.Fruit shape index variation coefficient range were from 4.1%-11.2%.The gan 8's fruit shape index was 1.02,and others were all less than 1. Related analysis showed that Fruit high and fruit diameter exists very significant linear correlation. Along with the increase of fruits fruit high fruit diameter was getting higher.Others indicators, the thickness of grain peels from big to small was gan 68> wu 12> xing 48> gan 8,xing 46> gan 70,gan shi 84-3> yong 5>gan shi 84-8> wu 1.The percentage of fresh seed from big to small was wu 1> yong 5> gan shi 84-3> gan 70> gan 8,xing 46> wu 12>gan shi 84-8> xing 48> gan 68. On fruit Numbers of 500 gram,xing 48 was most,about 56,gan 8 was the least,about 28. The average seed number,gan 8 had 7,gan shi 84-8 and yong 5 were 2,with the shape hemisphere or spherical.(4) Through observation and measurement for different camellia clones new shoots seeketh time and shoots features,Wu 1,wu 12,gan 68,gan 84-3 and yong 5's time of shoots growth were earlier than gan 8,gan 70,gan shi 84-8,xing 46 and xing 48'sVariance analysis showed that there was significant differences on new shoots length,thickness and single new shoots weight in different clones. Gan shi 84-8 had longest new shoots length and gan 68 was the shortest.On new shoots length thickness,gan shi 84-8 was thickest and xing 46 was thinnest. New shoots thckness differences was less than new shoots length. Single new shoots weight from big to small were gan shi 84-8> gan 8> wu 12> yong 5> gan shi 84-3> wu 1> gan 68> gan 70> gan xing 46> gan xing 48.(5) Through the individual variance analysis in tree height,diameter,EW crown-width and NS crown-width,the results showed that these four growth traits existing certain degree variation.The former coefficient of variation was smaller than the behind three.Gan shi 84-3 has greater individual variation in growth traits,and gan xing 46 was smaller. In application of principal components analysis.with the indexes of high of tree,crown and diameter,comprehensive evaluation of growth speed shows that the order of stability from stand to fall is gan 8,gan 68,gan shi 84-8,gan xing 46,gan 70,yong 5,wu 12,wu1,gan xing 48,gan shi 84-3. Seven signs (the percentage of fresh seed,the percentage of kernel with dry seeds,content of tea oil in seeds,dry seeds contain rate,yield per plant,thousand grain weigth,crown)were chosen as comprehensive evaluation indexes to assess the fruit traits of the 10 Oil Tea uperior clones.The result showed that the order from stand to fall is wu 1,yong 5,gan shi 84-8,gan 70,gan shi 84-3,gan xing 48,gan xing 46,gan8,gan 68,wu 12.(6) The curve types of daily change on net photosynthetic rate,transpiration rate,water use efficiency,Stomatal Conductance and intercellular CO2 concentration are roughly the same for the 10 Oil-Tea superior clones in the same growth stages. Diurnal variation of Pn of 10 Camellia oleifera Group Gan clones present single and double curve. When it presents double curve, the mid-day depression of photosynthesis may occurred. Which presenting single curve were wu 12,gan 68,gan shi 84-3,gan xing 46,gan xing 48 and yong 5, presenting single curve were,gan 8,gan 70 and gan shi 84-8,The peak value occurred at about 10.am.Gan shi 84-8 has the biggest daily mean value of photosynthetic rate. Diurnal variation of Tr and Ls present single curves,diurnal variation of Gs present single anddouble curves,diurnal variation of Ci present"U"curves,while diurnal variation of WUE present versatility types.The 10 clones'response curve were smooth rising curve.the LSP of gan 70,xing 48 and gan shi 84-8 were about between 1600 umol/m2.s with 1800 umol/m2.s.The LSP of wu 1 was about 1400umol/m2.s. The LSP of wu 12,gan 8,gan 68,gan shi 84-3,xing 46 and yong 5 were about 1800 umol/m2.s. Variance analysis showed that there was no significant differences on SPAD value of 10 Camellia oleifera Group Gan clones,the values from big to small were gan shi 84-8,gan8,xing 48,gan 68,wu1,xing 46,yong5,wu 12,gan70,gan shi 84-3,among which,yong5,wu 12,gan 70 and gan shi 84-3 can carry out high efficiency of the photosynthesis under strong photosynthetic active radiation.
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