| Lachnoloma lehmannii is an annual early spring ephemeral Brassicaceae species that is distributed in the Junggar Desert of northern of Xinjiang. The primary aims of this study were to research the key factors on establish a best system of the tissue culture and plant regeneration of L. lehmannii, use early spring ephemeral L. lehmannii as material, some principal factors Influencing tissue culture of L. lehmannii were studied systematically and in the round. It can provide some important references on the tissue culture and plant regeneration, germplasm conservation of L. lehmannii. The result showed that:1. The suitable methods for seed sterilization that, dry seeds of L.lehmannii were washed thoroughly under running tap water for 1-2 min,4 times cleaning with sterilize distilled water under aseptic conditions, soaked in 70% ethanol for 1 min followed by 4 times washing with sterilize distilled water. After washing, they were treated in 0.1% HgC12 solution with gently shaking for 1.5 min and followed by 4 times washing with sterilize distilled water.2. Light was beneficial for seed germination, and different parts of seedling were different responses to light. Seed germination was dependence to low temperature, and seedling growth need for certain high temperature. Suitable hormone promotes the seed germination, and different parts of seedling were different reaction to hormones. Therefore, the suitable culture system for seed germination and seedling growth of L. lehmannii was that, the seeds placed in medium MS without growth regulators after seeds sterilization, and cultured at a light condition, temperature of 15/5℃for 4～5 d, and then transferred to temperature of 25℃and same light condition after the seed germination. The seed germination rate reached 90%, higher than control 16%, and seedlings grown well.3. The suitable age of aspect seedling of L. lehmannii for callus induction was 14 d, The effects of different position callus induction was quite different according to different hormone categories, concentrations and their combinations. The callus induction efficiency of cotyledons was better than hypocotyls, the high callus induction rate of cotyledons and hypocotyls were showed in the treatment MS-1.0 mg/l IBA+0.1 mg/l BAP and MS+1.0 mg/l IBA+0.5 mg/l BAP, the callus induction rates were 100% and 98%, respectively. The suitable callus induction medium was the high-salt MS media, the suitable concentration of sucrose was 3%. Callus induction doesn't need the light, suitable temperature was 25℃.4. The suitable treatment of callus growing from different sources of L. lehmannii both showed in MS +1.0 mg/l iBA+0.1 mg/l BAP, but growing in different callus state, the proliferation multiples of cotyledon and hypocotyls callus were 5.3 and 2.5 respectively. The callus growing was requires light, suitable temperature was 25℃.5. The callus differentiation of L. lehmannii was very sensitive to the growth regulators on the type, concentration and their combination way. The callus differentiation efficiency of hypocotyl better than cotyledon's. The suitable treatment of growth regulators on callus differentiation from Hypocotyl and cotyledon were MS+1.0 mg/l BAP+0.1 IAA and MS+2.0 mg/l BAP+0.1 IBA, the differentiation rates were 91.7% and 80.9%, the average number of shoots per callus were 6.5 and 5.8, respectively.6. The suitable auxin of root induction of L. lehmannii was IBA, the suitable concentration of IBA was 1.0 mg/1. In this treatment, the rooting rate was 75.0%, the average number of roots per shoot was 4.6, and the length of root was 3.0 cm.7. The suitable transplant matrix of transplanted plantlets of L. lehmannii was Perlite:Vermiculite: Sand= 1:1:2, the survival rate of transplanted plantlets was 70%.
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