Study On Tissue Culture And Plantlet Regeneration Of Bojihong Ficus Carica L.

Fig fruits have thin scales, no cores, a soft texture, and a sweet flavor. Moreover, figfruits are very rich in nutrition and valuable in their pharmaceutical effects, especially theirwidely acknowledged effects in cancer treatments. At present the area under cultivation offig fruits in China is increasing rapidly and the production of fig fruits is growing fast.Moreover, their harvest has a tight schedule and it is very difficult to store and transport thefig fruits. Under ambient temperatures, it only takes one or two days for fig fruits to soften,brown, lose flavor, and/or rot. These characteristics bring huge difficulties to the storage,process and transportation of fig fruits and influent the economic benefit greatly. It ispromising to use modern transgenic technology to solve the soften problem of fig fruits. Askey knots in the storage of fig fruits, the thesis studies the tissue culture of fig fruits as wellas the regeneration of their plantlets. The study uses their young shoots as explants andcontributes to the solution of softening of fig fruits by means of transgenic technologies.The main conclusions are summarized:1. As the culture of the first generation of fig fruits suggests, the climate during theexplants collection and the means to disinfect explants affect the pollution rate atinoculation. The longer the sunny time, the lower the infection rate is. The infection ratewas46.2%under the climate condition of more than10continuous sunny days, whichshowed significant differences from the climate conditions of after raining or5continuoussunny days; Moreover, the browning rate of fig fruits is lowered by increasing Vcconcentrations at a given range. The Vc concentration of1500mg/L didn’t causesignificant differences from the concentrations of1000mg/L and2000mg/L, whileshowed significant difference from the concentrations of500mg/L. Therefore, consideringboth the economic benefit and the anti-browning effect, the concentration of1000~1500mg/L was selected; comparing with the disinfection methods of0.1%HgCl2for8~10minand2%NaClO for5~7min, using2%NaClO for5minutes followed by5minutes in0.1%HgCl2gained the best disinfection effect, with an infection rate of36.2%which issignificantly different from the other two methods.2. As the culture of succeeding generations of fig fruits suggests, basal culture mediaand the type of hormone have big effects on the differentiation and elongation of shoots.6-BA concentrations of0.5mg/L or2.0mg/L were not adopted because of the low survivalrate or vitrification of the shoots, respectively. When the concentration of6-BA was1.5mg/L, the increasing rate of shoots didn’t show significant differences between0.1mg/L NAA and0.2mg/L NAA, but showed significant differences from all other treatments;When the concentration of6-BA was1.0mg/L, the average increasing height of shootsdidn’t show significant differences between0.2mg/L NAA and0.1mg/L NAA, butshowed significant differences from the group without NAA. Thus, the shoots from thefirst generation were planted in the culture medium of MS+6-BA1.5mg/L+NAA0.1~0.2mg/L, which promotes their differentiation, or MS+6-BA1.0mg/L+NAA0.1~0.2mg/L, which promotes their elongation. Planting shoots in turns in these media producesmany sterile shoots.3. The induction of the callus from fig leaves suggests that the basal culture medium, theTDZ concentration, the inoculation position and means, and the leaf age and size of the cuthave big effects. A leaf age of30~35days tissue of4mm×4mm from the petiole wasinserted into a1/2MS basal culture medium containing1.5mg/L TDZ and0.05mg/L NAA.Much loose callus was observed at the parts of the leaves in contact with the culturemedium, especially at the vein or around the cuts. Most of the callus was light green, whileothers were white, flocculent, and active.4.6-BA concentration is the determining factor for the differentiation of the callusfrom fig fruits into adventitious shoots. The callus does not differentiate without6-BA butgrows instead. With6-BA concentration higher than6mg/L, the callus hardlydifferentiated either, but it was gradually browned and dying. With6-BA at3mg/L in aMS culture medium, the differentiation rate was69.5%which had significant differencesfrom other treatments. The shoots were fresh green and stout.5. The adventitious shoots were rooted better after soaking for10minutes in the IBAsolution at100mg/L, or the IBA solution at1.0mg/L in a1/2MS culture medium. Therooting rates were80.5%and79.5%, respectively; and the rooting numbers per shoot were4.8and4.7, respectively. The roots were white, uniform in sizes, and had a high survivalrate.