Study On Extraction And Composition Of Oil From Jiashi Melon Seed In Xinjiang

In this thesis,Jiashi melon seed oil was extracted by using micro-wave assisted extraction, the fatty acid and unsaponifiable compositions in oil were analyzed by using gas chromatography-mass spectrometer(GC-MS), the physicochemical properties of Jiashi melon seed oil was determined, and the linoleic acid in Jiashi melon seed oil was concentrated by the combination of solvent crystallization and urea complexation. The rapid identification method of different varieties of Jiashi melon seed was established by using attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR).The main results are as follows:Based on the single factor experiment, the influences of micro-wave treat time, micro-wave power, material to liquid ratio on the extraction yield of Jiashi melon seed oil was investigated, and the orthogonal test was used to optimize the micro-wave extraction conditions. The results indicated that the optimal solvent was a mixed solvent of petroleum ether and acetone(1:1), and the optimal conditions were as follows: ratio of material to solvent volume 1:6; microwave irradiation time 3 min ;microwave power 480W.Under the optimal conditions, the extraction yield of Jiashi melon seed oil was 47.03%.While the Jiashi melon seed oil was extracted by Soxhlet extraction with hexane for 5h, the extraction yield was 47.03%。The quality test results indicated that the relative density, refractive index, acid value, saponification index, iodine value and peroxide value of the Jiashi melon seeds oil were 0.9058,1.4728, 3.39 mg(KOH)/g,1.4728, 169 mg(KOH)/g,115.85g I/100g,5.4 mmol/kg respectively.The components of fatty acid and unsaponifiale matters in Jiashi melon seed oil were isolated and identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry method. The results showed that unsaturated fatty acids were abundant in Jiashi melon seed oil, and linoleic acid accounted for 62.56% of total fatty acids in Jiashi melon seed oil; the unsaponifiale matters accounted for 0.97% of the total weight of Jiashi melon seed oil, and the main component of the unsaponifiable matters was squalene.The combination of solvent crystallization and urea complexion was used to concentrate linoleic acid in Jiashi melon seed oil, the purity of linoleic acid obtained was 99.53%, with a yield of 50.86%.The FTIR of three different varieties of Jiashi melon seed was obtained by using Attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, the differences of the three varieties of Jiashi melon seed were compared by principle component analysis (PCA), and the rapid identification method of different varieties of Jiashi melon seed was established.