Study On Allelopathy Of Holland Narcissus And Hyacinth

Allelopathy is one of hot topics around the world. The allelopathyexists in plant and microbial metabolism process; it affects plantdistribution, form and succession of plant community, intercropping etc.Related research field including weeds, crops, horticultural crops,ornamental flowers, forestry and so on many domains.The Holland narcissus(Narcissus pseudonarcissus ) and hyacinth(Hyacinthus orientalis L.)are famous bulb flowers worldwide. Theyhave already been started to cultivate extensively in China since 1980s.But Holland narcissus and hyacinth bulbs in China are currently limitedto import from abroad, the domestic production and breeding are shortage,and breeding disease emerges frequently during the cultivation. Thebiological traits of Holland narcissus and hyacinth require specificclimate and environmental conditions. Therefore, the developmentscientific way of cultivation for the bulb is the key point of domesticproduction. The bulb of Amaryllidaceae plants contain many alkaloids. The allelopathy of Chinese narcissus (Narcissus tazeta var. chinensis) andnarcissus (Narcissus jonquilla L.) has been studied and allelopathicinhibition substances were identified as a variety of alkaloids. But thephenolic acids which could inhibit others plants has not been noticed. It isalso lack of allelopathic research about hyacinth. Our research included 4kinds of Holland narcissus: 'Delibes', 'Pinza', 'Mount Hood', 'DutchMaster' and 8 kinds of hyacinth:'Anna Marie', 'Anna Lisa', 'Pink China','City of Haarlem', 'Gypsy Queen', 'Gypsy Princess', 'Jan Bos'. Allelopathyexperiments with bulb scales had been done, the results are as follows:1. Water extract of Holland narcissus had significant inhibition effect onthe root and shoot length of Chinese cabbage, radish, lettuce, tall fescueand ryegrass. The chlorophyll a, b and total content of tall fescue andryegrass seedlings were also inhibited. Rank as the absolute value ofallelopathy response index (RI): Chinese cabbage>radish>lettuce.2. Ethanol, acetone, methanol extract of Holland narcissus could inhibitthe growth of radish seedlings. The 0.003g·mL^-1 ethanol extract couldinhibit the root growth of radish at significance level, the shoot is at0.009g·mL^-1. The acetone extract is at 0.015g·mL^-1, methanol at0.03g·mL^-1. Rank as the absolute value of allelopathy RI:ethanol>methanol>acetone3. Rank as the allelopathic intensity on the bioassay of radish seedinggrowth: Delibes>Dutch Master>Mount Hood>Pinza 4. Screened 8 kinds of hyacinth and compared their allelopthy potentialby the radish seedling inhibited bioassay. The results showed that waterextract of hyacinth bulb inhibited root and shoot growth of radish atsignificance level except the Pink China and Anna Marie. The allelopathyRI of Pink China were 0.18 and 0.02, the Anna Marie is 0.07. Anna Mariebulbs with perimeter of 9¹1cm had greater allelopathic potential thanperimeter of those of perimeter 13¹5cm.5. Analysis the water extract of Delibes, Pinza, Dutch Master, MountHood, Pink China and Anna Marie through the LC-MS, the massspectrogram showed that mass 149.1 of cinnamic acid were abound in thewater extract except the Pink China.6. The water extract of Delibes could inhibit the tissue culture plantlet ofAnna Marie. When the concentration of water extract was 0.05 g·mL^-1 theroot growth of tissue culture plantlet were completely inhibited. Theconcentration was 0.01g·mL^-1, the root length and root fresh weightreduced by 17.14% and 44.79%.