Effects Of AM Fungi On The Growth Of Salvia Miltiorrhiza Bge. Under Different Soil Water And Fertilizer Conditions

Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge. is a perennial herb plant from labiate family, root used medicinally. It can invigorate the circulation of blood, relieve swelling and pain, tranquilizer and sedative. In recent years, with the increase demand in market and the rapid failure of wildlife resources of Salvia miltiorrhiza, the cultivated Salvia miltiorrhiza become major source of Chinese crude drug. But the behind of production and cultivation techniques and extensive management, resulting in decrease of yield and quality of Salvia miltiorrhiza and seriously hindered the development of traditional Chinese medicine industry. Water and fertilizers (especially P) are the main factors which affect the growth of Salvia miltiorrhiza. Scientific fertilization, reasonable irrigation is the important guarantee for the quality of Chinese herbal medicines. Therefore, the best water-fertilizer mode for the growth of Salvia miltiorrhiza is very important.Arbuscular mycorrhiza can establish symbiotic relationships with the roots of over 80% higher plants, it can promote the roots of host plant to absorb water and nutrients to enhance the resistance, regulate the secondary metabolism action, promote growth, increase yield and improve quality of host plant. In recent years, AM fungi used as inoculants has become a new way to improve the yield and quality of cultivated Chinese herbal medicines, stable efficacy and source of drug.Pot experiments were conducted to study the effects of AM fungi on the growth and quality of Salvia miltiorrhiza under different water and fertilization. Following is the main results:1. AM fungi can form a good symbiotic relationship with Salvia miltiorrhiza. Inoculating AM fungi obviously develop mycorrhizal infection. Water and fertilizer can effect mycorrhizal infection. Water, AM fungi and P fertilizer have significant interaction effect on the growth and quality of Salvia miltiorrhiza.2. Under different soil water conditions, inoculation with AM fungi increased the soluble sugar and chlorophyll in leaves, which enhance photosynthesis and growth of Salvia miltiorrhiza. The proline contents in leaves significantly decreased under drought stress and the total flavonoids contents in leaves and roots significantly decreased under severe drought stress, which improve metabolic and enhance drought resistance of Salvia miltiorrhiza. Total P and total N contents in roots increased while total N and soluble protein contents in leaves decreased by AM fungal inoculation, therefore improved N and P nutrition of roots which were beneficial to the accumulation of nutritious substances in roots. Inoculation with AM fungi significantly increased tanshinone content in roots and the total flavonoids contents in leaves and roots under mild drought stress and well water, and quality of Salvia miltiorrhiza was improved. The best inoculation effect occur under 50% soil relative water content.3. Effects of AM fungi on Salvia miltiorrhiza are different under different soil water and fertilizer conditions. Under suitable water and fertilizer conditions, AM fungal inoculation can improve the contents of tanshinone, total flavonoids, total phenolic acid in roots and leaves, and increase the Danshensu contents in leaves, and the medicine components increased which improved the quality of Salvia miltiorrhiza. Inoculating AM fungi increased the contents of Cu and K in leaves,the contents of Mn,Fe,Zn and Ca in leaves and roots, therefore improved microelement nutrition. Have no significantly effect on the contents of Cu and K in roots, Mg in leaves and roots by inoculated AM fungi. The best inoculation effect occur when the soil relative water content is 70% and the content of P level is 0.16gP/Kg.Meanwhile, Salvia miltiorrhiza has the highest yield and the best quality.