| In order to find the best cultivation mode, we regulation of nitrogen fertilizer and phosphate fertilizer on yield and quality. And the physiological mechanism how nitrogen fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer affected yield and quality were analyzed in this experiment. The main results were as followed: 1. Effect of Nitrogen Fertilizer on yield and quality of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge.The yield, the diameter of the average root, the roots of per plant and the root growth rate increased with nitrogen applied.Nitrogen application increased the rate of R/T and stimulated the aerial part and distribution of dry matter to root. The yield is highest when the amount of nitrogen applied is 150 Nkg/hm2. The increased production of yield is 39.12% compared to CK. But it does not avail to reforming yield for Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge. by improving nitrogen application. The addition of nitrogen amount has no effect on yield when the amount is beyond 150 Nkg/hm2. The change of yield and nitrogen application accord with the simulated equation:Y=3753.2+28.601X- 0.141X2,r2=0.9956.The content of soluble sugar and starch increase with nitrogen applied. The effect of nitrogen application on effective ingredients is complex. The contents of tanshinoneⅡA and cryptotanshinone decrease with improving nitrogen application. The content of danshensu is highest when the amount of nitrogen applied is 150 Nkg/hm2. The content of protocatechui caledbyde increases with improving nitrogen application. The content of salvianolic acid B is highest in the treatment of CK. Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge. has apparent yield superiority in tanshinoneⅡA, danshensu and salvianolic acid B when the amount of nitrogen applied is 150 Nkg/hm2. And the increased production is 24.94%,33.60% and 27.52% compared to CK.2. Effect of nitrogen fertilizer on nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium absorption and assignment influence in Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge.Nitrogen application could obviously improve the absorption amount of N, P and K in plant of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge.. In harvest time, the absorption amount of N, P and K increased by 15.67%~30.48%, 4.11%~19.35% and 8.58%~39.66%. Seeing from N utilization, nitrogen application could obviously affect the content of nitrogen in different part of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge.. Befor the last ten-day of September, the content of nitrogen in stem, leaf and fruit increase with improving nitrogen application, In the root the nitrogen content has elevated in different treatment. The birth later period, the aerial parts nitrogen is not obvious to the root transportation. Seeing from P utilization, The harvesting time beforehand stem, phosphorus content of leaf is higher than the root, the harvesting time phosphorus content of leaf is higher than the root, phosphorus content of the root is higher than the stem. Seeing from K utilization, the content of nitrogen in leaf, stem and fruit all increases firstly, then decreases. The root potassium content has elevated. From the last ten-day of July, the content of potassium in leaf, fruit and root was higher than CK. The content of potassium in steam, leaf and root increases with improving nitrogen application. And the content of potassium in fruit has no significant different in different treatment. In harvest time, the content of potassium in different part in the treatment with nitrogen applied is significantly higher than CK.3. Effect of phosphate fertilizer on yield and quality of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge.The yield, the diameter of the average root, the roots of per plant and the root growth rate increased with phosphate applied. Phosphate application increased the rate of R/T and stimulated the aerial part and distribution of dry matter to root. The yield is highest when the amount of phosphate applied is 120 P2O5kg/hm2. The increased production of yield is 39.38% compared to CK. But it does not avail to reforming yield for Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge.by improving phosphate application.The addition of phosphate amount has no effect on yield when the amount is beyond 120 P2O5kg/hm2. The change of yield and phosphate application accord with the simulated equation: Y=3718.4+21.714X-0.0897X2,r2=0.9949.The content of soluble sugar and starch increase with potassium applied. The effect of phosphate application on effective ingredients is complex. The phosphate fertilizer for is being related to salvia miltiorrhiza's effective component performance. The contents of tanshinoneⅡA and cryptotanshinone is highest when the amount of phosphate applied is 120 P2O5kg/hm2. The content of danshensu,protocatechui caledbyde and salvianolic acid B increases with improving phosphate application. But the output is 120 P2O5kg/hm2 is highest, the comparison is lowest. Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge. has apparent yield superiority in tanshinoneⅡA, danshensu and salvianolic acid B when the amount of phosphate applied is 120 P2O5kg/hm2. And the increased production is 35.44%,55.27% and 43.18% compared to CK.4. Effect of phosphate fertilizer on nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium absorption and assignment influence in Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge.Phosphate application could obviously improve the absorption amount of N, P and K in plant of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge.. In harvest time, the absorption amount of N, P and K increased by 9.71%~26.22%, 7.32%~22.12% and 7.53%~26.53%. Seeing from N utilization, phosphate application could obviously affect the content of nitrogen in different part of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge.. Befor the last ten-day of August, the content of nitrogen in stem, leaf and fruit increase with improving phosphate application, but after late August, the nitrogen content starts to reduce. In late October, leaf's nitrogen content is higher than the root, the root nitrogen content is higher than the stem; The harvesting time, the root nitrogen content is higher than the leaf, leaf's nitrogen content is higher than the stem. The showing birth later period, executes the phosphorus promotion stem leaf photosynthesis product to the root transportation. Seeing from P utilization, the content of phosphate in leaf and steam all increases firstly, then decreases. In the stem and leaf blade's phosphorus element starts from late October to be lower than the root, the root phosphorus element content has elevated. Seeing from K utilization, the content of phosphate in fruit increases firstly, then decreases. In the stem, the leaf the potassium content has reduced, in the root the potassium content has risen change tendency. From the last ten-day of July, the content of phosphate in leaf, fruit and root was higher than CK. In harvest time, the content of phosphate in different part in the treatment with potassium applied is significantly higher than CK.5. The Research on Diurnal changes of Photosynthesis in Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge.Salvia miltiorrhiza. photosynthesis light compensation point and light saturation point approximately for 97.9μmol·m-2·s-1 and 1100μmol·m-2·s-1.The Diurnal changes of Photosynthesis in salvia miltiorrhiza is a double peaks curve. The highest value appeared at from 10 a.m. and 14 p.m.There is the distinct phenomenon of"noon break"under the condition of high light. Light systemⅡPhotochemistry effect Fv/Fm, which shows that in the field light restrain often occurs for salvia miltiorrhiza leaves. And the main reason for the light restrain is high light and tempeture. Under the natural condition the glare causes the light suppresses is possibly one which of substantial clauses the salvia miltiorrhiza leaves blade photosynthesis speed midday reduces.
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