| Using some inbred and hybrid kernel samples of maize as materials, a study was conducted to investigate the method of measuring amylose content by near-infrared transmittance spectroscopy (NITS). The samples were scanned by FOSS Infratec1241 Analyzer. With the powerful WinISI calibration maker software, several mathematics treatments to the sample spectra and several different regression methods were adopted to optimize a good calibration equation for determination of amylose content in maize. And we discussed the effect of gamma-ray irradiation on common maize starch. The samples were treated with 0～1000 kGyγ-radiation. We studied the physicochemical changes of maize starch and the relationship between irradiation dose and oligosaccharides production. The results are as follows:1. The samples using to set calibration and analyze corn quality distributed well and have good representation. The range of oil, protein and starch content is 3.3～8.7%,8.1～17.1% and 64.6～73.2%.2. The experiment error of chemical method are 1.4387(Starch amylose content, SAC) and 1.0314(Grain amylose content, GAC). The range of chemistry results are 9.05~66.98%(SAC) and 6.35~46.22%(GAC).3. We discussed the math treatment and regression method to set up amylose calibrations of maize. The results showed that using SNV&detrending, PLS regression method and second derivative is the best equation to SAC. SNV&Detrending, MPLS regression method and firsh derivative is the best equation to GAC. We choosed the best equations to predict amylase content about other samples. The standard error of calibration(SEC), regression squared(RSQ), standard error of cross-validation(SECV) and standard error of prediction (SEP) of calibration selected about the SAC and GAC were 2.3201 and 1.2064,0.8860 and 0.8856,2.5896 and 1.3769,3.368 and 2.133, respectively. The method of NITS had high accuracy in predicted tests of cross validation and independent validation. Using the calibration mode to predict the other 230 samples it showed good application value. It can tell difference between high-amylose maize and common maize. The character of spectrum can reflect samples` genetic background. The spectrum of parents samples can cover well with filial generations'. The calibration mode have good efficiency to predict common maize and high-amylose maize. But it is not so exact to predict waxy corn. We can use other method to tell the waxy maize from other kinds. So it could be used for early generation selection in maize breeding program and quick testing for maize quality.4. After being irradiated by 60Co-γwe found that the DP of starch amylose and amylopectin is changed. The effect of irradiation is significant to the properties of starch. Acidity and solubility rose when the irradiation dose increased, but the changes are not significant below 300 kGy. Paste clarity showed complex changes.5. The sugar content decreased significantly when the irradiation dose increased above 100 kGy. The production of ultrafiltration increased when the irradiation dose increased. The content of soluble saccharides and soluble oligosaccharides which the molecular weight above 3000 Da and between 1000 and 3000 Da got the max in 1000kGy irradiation dose. But the oligosaccharides which molecular weight below 1000 Da got max in 700 kGy. The aim oligosaccharides(DP:6~18) is nearly eight percent in 1000 kGy. |
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