Genetic Analysis Of Some Important Economic Traits And Effect Of Exotic Pollen On The Growth Of F₀ Fruit In Luffa

Recently, need for new luffa cultivars have been increasing gradually with cultivation area of luffa increasing year by year. Yet the breeding of luffa had begun relatively late, had few study on breeding basic theory and genetic studies of some Important Economic Characters. The aim of this experiment is to reveal the genetic effect of main economic Characters, thereby afford theoretical guide to luffa breeding.Luffa is a kind of monoecious melon crop. There often were some problems that yield decreasing caused by different open time between male flowers and female flowers in cultivation. Usually pollen by other varieties of luffa so as to increase the fructiferous ratio, but there isn't any report about whether exotic pollen has effects on the growth of F0 fruit. Therefore, it's significant for guiding practice to research which, the effects on F0 fruit caused by exotic pollen.With classic genetics and the major gene plus polygene model of quantitative traits, a joint analysis of multi-generations from the six generations(P1,P2,F1,B1,B2 and F2) of the crosses between several luffa breeds was carried out to investigate the inheritance of the main economic traits; And select three parents which have differences on fruit shape, then deal with different pollen for comparison. The results showed that:1. The fruit length and handle length are both follow the inheritance of quantitative traits. The color of the (black and white) seed follows the inheritance of qualitative traits. The fruit length of the offspring F1 is between the long and short parents. The fruit length of the B1,B2 and F2 show hypo-consecutive variance, thereinto, the distribution of which ,the fruit length of B1 and F2 ,show two apices. That indicates the inheritance of luffa's fruit length is controlled by an additive major gene and additive–dominant polygene, and the inheritance of major gene is more steadily. The handle length of the offspring F1 lean to the long parent, there's partial heterosis in it. The variance of B1,B2 and F2 is very complicated. So it indicates that the inheritance of luffa's fruit length is controlled by additive effect, dominant effect and complex interaction of the major gene and polygene. The seed color (black and white) is a qualitative trait controlled by a dominant core gene, and the white color is recessive trait.2. The inheritance of the nodal length is controlled by two major genes and polygene, and the two major genes have further effect on the nodal length breeding. On the whole, we could confirm that the inheritance of the node of the first flower is controlled by a major gene at least, and there's effect of polygene in most of the crosses. There's evidently difference in different crosses, the inheritance is much influenced by environment, and the stability is low.3. The inheritance of the soluble sugar and soluble protein are controlled by major genes and polygene together. And these two quality traits are little influenced by environment, the stability of inheritance is high, so the feasibility of improving them by breeding choose is high too.4. Comparing to the self, the cross-pollinate couldn't change the growth curve, length, shape, color and weight of the F0 fruit. It indicates that there isn't obvious immediate fruit effect and F0 heterosis. Namely, we can use the exotic pollen replace self to increase the fructiferous ratio, so as to obtain more benefit, at the same time, it shouldn't influence the mature fruit to come into the market, also it shouldn't obviously change the appearance and weight of the fruit.