| Caryotype and blood protein polymorphism in Songliao Black pig was studied in this paper. It was to provide basic data of cytogenetics for origin, evolution and gene location of Songliao black pig by caryotype and banding. The genetic diversity and genetic variation of Songliao Black pig was evaluated by blood protein polymorphism, the association of protein polymorphism and productivity were investigated. At the same time, this study will provide extensive theoretic bases to protect Songliao Black pig genetic resourses, and some makers for Marker Assisted Selection (MAS) which is correlated with productivity were found.The karyotype, C-banding and G-banding of Songliao Black pig (5(?),5(?)) were studied with peripheral blood lymphocyte culture. The results showed as follows: The diploid chromosome number of Songliao black swine were 2n=38, the karyotype of male was 2n=38, XY; while the female were 2n=38, XX. The autosomes were divided into 4 groups: the No.1-No.4 of group A were submetacentric chromosomes (Sm), the No.5-No.6 of group B were subtelocentric chromosomes (St), the No.7-No.12 of group C were metacentric chromosomes (m), the No.13-No.18 of group D were telocentnc chromosomes (Sm). The relative length of autosomes ranged from 11.24% to 2.46% in Songliao black pig. The relative length of X chromosome in Songliao black pig was 5.21%. The relative length of Y chromosome in was Songliao black pig 2.07%. The range of variation of the centromeric index and arm ratio are 23.04%～46.95% and 1.16%～3.42% respectively. The arm ratio of X chromosome and Y chromosome are 1.58 and 1.31, in scopes of 1.0～1.7, so it belongs middle centromere chromosome. The centromeric index of X chromosome and Y chromosome are 40.85 and 42.99 respectively.
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