Preliminary Studies On Polyploid Induction Of Physalis.pubescens L.

Physalis. pubescens L was an infrequent vegetable. Because of its abundant nutrition and broad use, the edible value and economic value of P. pubescens were recognized. But its quality and using value was influenced by its excessive seeds in fruit. Therefore, it was important to study the polyploid induction of P. pubescens. In this experiment, the seed of P. pubescens was taken as the materials, and used the whole plant induction and in vitro induction to find the effective methods of polyploid induction with colchicines in P. pubescens. Established the regeneration system of P. pubescens .The main results were as follows.1.The morphological variation plant of P. pubescens showed the following features: leaf became longer, wider, and thicker; the color of the leaf became into deep green; the surface of leaf was rumple; the size of flower became larger; plants grew up slowly.2.Based on the microscopic anatomic study .It was found that in variation plant the density of stoma was decreased, the guard cells became larger and the number of chloroplasts in it was increased. Besides, the size of pollen grain became larger, the number of misshapen pollen grains was increased and the number and viability of pollen was decreased.3.There were three methods in the whole plant induction. Compared the induction effects it was found that the Agar smeared treatment in cotyledon period was the best. Because in this method, the concentration of colchicines and the period of treatment could be controlled, and the dosage of colchicines was little and its merely hamless. It achieved the better induction effect when the concentration of colchicines was 0.3% and treated 3 days, the percentage of variation was 60% and the percentage of living was 50%.4.The regeneration system of P. pubescens was established. In this experiment, it was found that the cotyledon of P. pubescens was easy to formed callus. It could achieved better effect when the concentration of 2, 4-D and IAA were 0.5 mg/L and the concentration of 6-BA was between 0.5 and 2.0 mg/L, the highest percentage of callus formation could reached to 100%. The optimal inducing medium of adventitious buds was MS basal medium with 6-BA3.0 mg/L and IAA0.1 mg/L, the percentage of differentiation achieved 43.33%. The optimal inducing medium of root was MS basal medium with IAA 0.05 mg/L, the percentage of root formation achieved 100% and the root grew halenessly.5.The result of in vitro induction of P. pubescens showed : In the mixed treatment, better induction effect was achieved when the concentration of colchicines was 200mg/L and treated 15 days,...