| Gerbera jamesonii Bolus is a famous cut flower with big gorgeous flowers, which have long vase life and great field in the world. In addition, people enjoy its color, appearance and artistic conception. So it is worthy worldly planting this ornamental plant with great value.The traditional reproduction methods of Gerbera jamesonii Bolus have high cost, low efficiency and easy degeneration, so it can't meet the increasing need of market. A lot of regeneration plants can be got by tissue culture, and it can shorten periods of reproduce and increase reproduce coefficient and benefit to avoid the degeneration of breed that caused by seed reproduction and tillering propagation. Now the fine breed of Gerbera jamesonii all come from foreign country, so it is necessary to cultivate fine breed in our own country. This research includes: tissue culture of Gerbera jamesonii and inducing of polyploid in vitro in chemical method. There are two intentions of the research: the first is providing material and technology for rapid reproduction and application of fine breed, the second is preserving excellent idioplasm resource and stability of fine properties, raising its worth of viewing, decreasing cost of production and promoting industrial production.The research is selected seedlings of Gerbera hybride 'NanYan' bourgeoned in germfree condition as explants, used different basic media, given different concentration and ratio auxin or cytokinins, Studied buds induce and reproduce, root differentiation and young plant rootage. The results show: 1/2MS liquid media is best for seed germination in 9001x; MS with BA1.5 mg.L-1+IBA0.2mg.L-1 is good for buds induce and coefficient of induce is 7; MS+BA0.5 mg.L-1+NAA0.1 mg.L-1 is suitable for buds reproduce, coefficient of reproduce is up to 10 and buds grow very well; Put single bud in 1/2MS+EBA0.2 mg.L-1 for rootage, the rooting rate could reach up to 100%, the average number of rooting is high, and the young plants grow very well. While removing young plant to liquid media, the survival rate could reach up to 100%. From idioplasm of Fl seeds to successful transplant of regenerative plants., multiplied twice, it takes 4 months, the coefficient of reproducecan be 700 times. Furthermore, we use liquid media in the research, not only speed of growth is high but also 80% of cost is reduced, so it reaches the aim of rapid reproduce in low cost. Used torus culture as control experiment, at first, the growth of callus is rapid with 1/2MS+BA8 mg.L-1+NAA0.5-0.7 mg.L-1. But within 2 months, the number of bud differentiation is small.After bud differentiation and before bud reproduce, adopted different concentration of germfree colchicine to treat buds and callus for 12 hours, the concentrations are 0.01%, 0.05%, 0.1%, 0.2% respectively. And then continued to multiple and root. 40 days later, observed its morphologic and cytology. The results show: during the reproduce period, it is better for inducing mutation after being in colchicine of 0.05% for 12h. The inducing rate is 38.46%. What's more, it successfully induced polyploid and mosaic. The mutation plant has the characters of bigger, thicker and more colorful leaves and thicker roots than before. The air holes in the leaf of polyploid plant increase by one time, the pore number of unit area decreases obviously, the number of chromosome increases several times, at the same time, polyploid plants have bigger nucleolus and more nucleolus than before. |
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