Study On Tomato Organic Soilless Culture In Jiuquan

This paper discussed the effect of different substrates on tomato growth and development, yield and quality. The different substrates consisted of organic materials corn straw, sunflower straw, wheat straw and the residue of mushroom and inorganic materials slag in the light of different proportion. The results indicated that B treatment, which was made of slag, corn straw and mushroom residue in the light of volume ratio of 5:3:2,was the best-compared whit the soil culture. Both early yield and total yield were the highest among the treatments. Increased by 7.4%and 9.42% than CK. tomato plant height, stem thick, dry and fresh weight of shoot and root, root volume and bleeding also were the best in the substrates. Quality was obviously improved. Nitrate content in tomato fruits was the lowest. Decreased by 20.4% than CK. Next was C treatment that made of slag, sunflower straw and mushroom residue in the light of volume ratio of 5:3:2,its all indexes were also the better. Its yield was second only to B treatment and increased by 8.2% than CK. its nitrate content in tomato fruits decreased by 18.4% than CK. So we selected out B and C treatment whose organic material was corn straw and sunflower straw, they made plant grow healthier, yield increased and quality improved (especially making nitrate content in tomato fruits decrease), they provided organic soil less culture with a new method and means. Meanwhile, we determined and analyzed the physical and chemical characters of the substrates. Test on the different of year of the substrates used, the results indicated that the organic substrates could be used for 2-3years.