Analysis And Study On The Nutrient Of Soil And Apple Tree Body In The Apple Orchard Of The Middle-and-South Part Of Shanxi Province

Shanxi province is one of the major provinces of apple production in China. And thirteen counties in the middle-south of the province was listed among the national advantageous area of apple production by the national agricultural adminstration. With the development of society and increasing people's health awareness, consumper will pay more attention on the apple qualities, therefore the green products without pollution will also be welcomed by markets. Trees'nutrition is the basis of vegetative growth and development, fruit setting and enhancement of apple yield and quality. If we did't know orchard soil and plant nutrition conditions clearly, farmers couldn't use fertilizers efficiently. It maybe result in low yields and poor qualities of fruit, and also reduce the farmers'income.Based on investigation nutrients in orchard soil and apple trees, and farmers'fertilization in the thirteen counties of the middle-south of Shanxi province, we had probed the soil nutrition and plant nutrition in the orchards. The results showed that:1. Except the available K, soil organic matter content and primary-elements content in orchardes investegated are lower than average level of the whole province farms, and there are more than 65% orchardes deficiency in organic matter and three primary nutreints by medium and serious levels. The means of organic matter content and total N, P are 10.73g/kg,0.72g/kg,16.64mg/kg , and lower than general data 17.7%,15.3%,9.6% seperately.2. The available of 6 micronutrients in maddle-south area orchards are lower than the general levels in whole province. The available Zn and available iron contents are lower than general data by 21%和14.1%; available Fe and B are dificient significantly in the most orchards. Available copper, zinc and Mn are suficient to the apple tree growth.3.The nutrients contents varies significantly owing to geographic region or geographic settings. The soil organic matter and total N content in orchards of different regions decrease as follow: Xiangfeng>Yuci>Taigu>Qixian>Quwu>Jixian> Wenxi>Lixian>Yanhu district> Ruicheng>Wanrong>Linyi>Pinglu;The available P content decrease as follows: Xiangfeng> Yuci>Taigu>Qixian>Quwu>Jixian> Wenxi>Lixian>Yanhu >Ruicheng> Linyi >Wanrong >Pinglu;The available k decrease as follows: Xiangfeng> Qixian> Quwu>Yuci>Lixian> Jixian>Taigu> Wenxi> Ruicheng> Yanhu district> Linyi >Wanrong >Pinglu;4. The nutrients contents varies significantly owing to geomorphic conditions and cropping systems. Soil organic matter and total N content in montains orchards are higher than that of hill orchards orchards, the late is higher than plain ones; but there is no difference between rain-fed farms and irrigated farms.For the available P and available K ,Plains>hills>montains; irrigated orchards > rain-fed orchards.5.Micronutrients content vary owing to the Pedogenesis factors and Anthropogenic factors, such as mother materials and fertilizers application systems.6. The trees'nutrients content in the most orchards are insufficient. Apart from K, other primary nutrients contents in laeves are lower or deficient. The average of N is 19.5g/kg, P is 1.3g/kg and K is 11.8g/kg. Iron and Mn contents are higher, copper and zinc contents are lower than the genenral contents, and borron is dificiency. The average contents of copper, zinc, iron, Mn, B and Mo are 13.2 mg/kg, 18.77 mg/kg,32.62 mg/kg, 123.62 mg/kg,25.84 mg/kg,3.19 mg/kg. Secondary nutrients content are lower than the genenral data, the content of Ca and Mg are 13.2g/kg and 3.5g/kg seperately.Based on the conditions, it is proposed some suggestions about application fertilizers efficiently for superior apple production in the middle-south of Shanxi province.