Research On Mechanical-plucking Integrative Technique For Quality Tea In Tea Garden

The quality tea went to more and more popular; the yield and production value increased rapidly; the production of quality tea was going to the mechanical way. In such background, the development was limited by the pluck of tea leaves.Compare with hand plucking, the mechanical way to plucking could save workers and improve the efficiency, but the problem was mechanical plucking can't to select, tea leaves by mechanical plucking always fell to processing. The research based on the suitable time for mechanical plucking test, nutrition level test, the growth of internode of tea plant test, grading for tea leaves test, and so on. The end is to gain the quality tea leaves which plucking by machine. The result showed as follows:1. The suitable time for mechanical plucking of quality leaves is, standard leaves (one or two leaves and one bud) occupy 80% of the new shoot in the crown of tea plant. Different test fields had different distance for plucking, the distance for three plucking at Nanshantou tea garden and Shaofeicun tea garden was, the first plucking distance time was 15-19 days, the second was 18-21 days, the third was 23-24 days, the distance in Panban tea garden was delayed for 3-5 days.2. Add nitrogen fertilizer can improve the yield and the quality of tea leaves. The compare test among fertilizer level shows, top-dressing in tea garden at spring had significance effect on yield, and one time more for plucking with Nanshantou field; high fertilizer compare with low fertilizer showed, treat of high fertilizer had higher yield and proportion of standard leaves, lower proportion of banjihi leaves. Fine plucking took the bud leaf which had higher contained of nitrogen. Tea garden for plucking quality tea leaves must had a higher fertilizer level compare with the normal tea leaves.3. Blast winnower had effect on grading broken shoot, different wind power had different effect. Strong the wind power can grade more proportion of broken leaves, but at the same time, lost more standard bud leaf. The result showed, wind power at 6.6m/s, is the best power to grade, 59%broken shoot had been separated. After spread for some time, the shape of tea leaves changed, prolong the spread time was bad for blast winnower grading.4. Cylinder sifter had effect on grading big shaped bud leaves, after grading, gain the leaves which has 90% standard bud leaf. After spread for some time, the shape of tea leaves changed, prolong the spread time was bad for cylinder sifter grading, better not to spread tea leaves before grading.5. Tea leaves by pass the 1.0cm screen of circle sifter can grade broken shoots at 38%; 50% standard bud leaf was separated by the 1.0cm-2.0cm screen.6. Combination grade of cylinder sifter and blast winnower, the result showed, the grading effect of combination was better than grading with cylinder sifter or blast winnower only. Add a processing of handwork circle sifter after cylinder sifter grading could gain tea leaves suitable to process quality tea.7. The parameter of incline angle, cylinder height, screen combination, rotate speed of cylinder, had impact on grading. The manual-manufacture sifter was better than 6CXF-70 sifter in tea leaves grading, changing the parameter of grading machine could change the result in tea leaves' grading.8. The situation of the tea plant internode growth had the relationship with the mechanical plucking, following the tea plant growing up and the distance between two internode were longer, the leaves unfold's degree increased, it was really good to decrease the proportion of fragmental leaves. 15-18 days after fish leaf unfold, 90% internode and the angle of leafing were reached, the proportion of two leaves and a bud were most, after this period, the proportion of standard bud and leaf reduce rapidly. When fish leaves unfold 15-18 is the best time for mechanical plucking, This result is accord to suitable time test, the second plucking time was at the peak of the two leaves and a bud.9. Compare with the sexual of three variety of tea plant showed, zhenong 139 was the best variety for mechanical plucking.