On The Integrate Super High-yielding Cultivation Techniques Of Indica Super Hybrid Rice Variety Ⅱ You 084

Rice cultivation in China has experienced three stages: Primitive, developing anddeveloped cultivation techniques. Rice cultivation is now changing from singleseparate technique to integrate cultivation systems. In China, super rice breedingproject was initiated in 1996. During these years, mature integrate super high-yieldingcultivation techniques has been developed(as well). Among them, the core techniquesinclude: precise sowing, healthy seedling cultivating, wide rowing and sparse planting,seedling number controlling, ventilate watering, precise fertilizing, multiple diseaseand insect control.As one of the earliest super hybrid rice varieties,ⅡYou 084 produced the highestyield record in the world in 2003. In the present research, major factors, such astransplanting density and amount of N fertilizer application, affecting grain yield werestudied in order to investigate an integrate cultivation system forⅡYou 084. Theresults were as follows:1. Transplanting density: Generally, spike number and grain weight per spike are twocontradict factors in the composition, and these two factors mainly decided by thetransplant density. Transplant density determine the final yield by its significantinfluences on the tiller development, efficient spike number and grain weight. Inour study, the first and second highest yield was from the treatments withtransplanting densities of 130,000 and 150,000 holes/667m~2, respectively. Thisindicated that in field with better fertility than average, the most optimizedtransplant density was between 130,000 and 150,000 holes/667m~2, with the peakseedling number under 240,000 and efficient spikes number more than180,000/667m~2.2. N fertilizer application: An experiment with six treatments of different N fertilizerapplication levels(0～19kg/667m~2) were conducted. The variation of efficientspikes/667m2 and grains/spike were between 113000~159600 and 137.8～160.6,respectively. While the variances for seed-set-rate and 1000-grain-weight were3.73% and 4.76%, respectively. This indicated that N fertilizer level determinedthe final yield ofⅡYou 084 by influencing its population quality, such as totalspike number and grain numbers per spike. N fertilizer application level had noobvious effect on seed-set-rate and 1000-grain-weight. The most optimized Nfertilizer amount should be between 13—16kg/667m~2.3. Development and utilization of an integrate cultivation system forⅡYou 084: Forthe purpose of developing an integrate cultivation system forⅡYou 084, a superhigh-yielding cultivation experiment was conducted at Taoyuan village,Yongsheng county, Yunnan province, where the highest yield record in the worldwas produced. In the present research, the highest yield was from a fieldnumbered as H1, and the yield was 1237.7kg/667m~2. Its yield composition was asfollows: effective spike number 28830, average floret number per spike 176.3, andthe grain number per spike 164.5, with a seed-set-rate of 93.3%. Four experienceswere summed up from their successful cultivation: 1) Favourable climatecondition and geographical position is precondition of super high-yielding cultivation; 2) Abundance tillers and strong seedlings are cornerstones of superhigh-yielding cultivation; 3) Scientific fertilizing is the guanrantee of superhigh-yielding cultivation; and 4) multiple-method disease and insect controlshould be emphasized in super high-yielding cultivation.ⅡYou 084 are now one of the most popularized super hybrid rice variety in theYangtse Valley and Southern China rice-grown areas. A super high-yieldingcultivation system has been summarized form the cultivate experiences of differentareas. This system are being successfully utilized in the rice production of varietyⅡYou 084. The system includes: 1) Timing and precise sowing; 2) Promoting tiller andseedling development; 3) Suitable transplanting density to construct a high-yieldpopulation; 4) Precise fertilizing to improve the fertilizer utilization efficiency; 5)Scientific watering to improve tiller and root development; 6) multiple-methodcontrol of diseases, insects and weed.