Studies On Acclimation, Ovule Culture And Culture Techniques For High Quality Of Seedless Grapes In Southern China

Grape belongs to Vitis vitacease which holds about 70 species and among them morethan 20 species could be cultivated, grapes are so good tasty, beautiful and abundant ofnutrition that they are very popular in the market. Seedless grapes, being excellent qualityand ate convenient, are more popular. On base of green fruit plant, fruits of seedless grapescan be eat directly with husk, and without discarding seeds. In this way, saline of seedswhich descend fruit flavor greatly can be avoid, and also nurtures which can resistcardiovascular disease and cancer in husk, such as resveratrol, can be absorbed by humanbody.The acclimation of various seedless cultivars in the southern China, technology ofprogeny culture of Vitis vinifera L. cv. "ruby seedless", and effects of GA₄₊₇ and CPPU,girdling and bagging on the seedless fruit quality were studied in this experiment, Theresults were summuried as follows:1. Acclimation of introduced seedless grape cultivars in southern China.Phenological stages, growing and fruiting habits, fruit economic characters and diseaseresiatant among fifteen seedless grape cultivars were observed and compared to studyacclimateion of seedless grapes in southern China. Among them, Summer Black seedless,being of good quality of disease resistance, early ripeness, easy coloring, berry uniformity,would be suit for growing in the southern region. Centenial seedless, Melissa seedless andRed face seedless et al could produce moderately in the southern region.2. Technique of propagate seedlings through ovule tissue culture of seedlessgrape.Ruby was a fake parthenogenone seedless cultivar with relatively big ovules whichwere 3.48 mm in vertical, and this provide advantage conditions for ovule salvation. In thisstudy, we found that the best inoculated time of the ovules of Ruby seedless grape was 35days after flower, at that time the ovules were inoculated on Nitsch medium with IAA2.0mg/L and GA0.4mg/L, 120days later they were transplanted on 1/2MS medium with 6-BA 0.5mg/L, the embryo germination rate was 16%. The embryos germinated weretransplanted on 1/2MS with IBA0.2mg/L, the plantlets grew very well. The rate of theplantlets transplanted in the field was 100%.3. Effects of GA₄₊₇ and CPPU on fruit development of seedless grapes.GA₄₊₇ and CPPU could all increase the weight of "Centenial seedless" fruit, raise thediameter of peduncle, and reduce the fruit dropping and ripping. GA₄₊₇ could make seedlessgrapes ripen ahead of time, while CPPU delayed the fruit ripen, however, GA₄₊₇+CPPUmade fruit ripen close to the original harvest time. Special treatment may selectedaccording to the needs of marker on grape production.4. Effects of gird on fruit quality.Girding in the main-vine 20 days after blossom and, in beating branches 30 days afterblossom can obviously increase the berry weight, improve fruit color and heighteninsoluble solid content.5. Effects of fruit bag on fruit commodity quality.Grape bagging did not decrease the weight of spikes and berry, but also obviouslyprevented the fruit rotten by diseases. Supplementing the fruit with light before harvestcould improve berry color and insoluble solid content. The proper bagging time is about tento fifteen days after flower abscission.