| Rice is the most important staple crop grown in China. Excess application of fertilizersand pesticides in rice growing could have caused serious pollution in water, soil, air, andeven agricultural products. The publics pay more and more attentions to the safety of foodin last decade so the researchers are trying to find the traditional production way in replaceof modern high-yielding way in order to decrease application of chemicals in productionprecession and increase food safety. In this study, through comparison of yielding, qualityand other agronomic characters in various rice varieties between organic cultivation(natural) and modern cultivation (high yielding) it is intended to propose proper varietiesand cultivation techniques for rice organic cultivation. The main results were described asfollowing:1, The rice growth duration, especial the early developmental stage might be delayedin organic cultivation than modern cultivation, but the tillering ability and number of earper hectare higher than modern cultivation. Meanwhile in the organic way there were moreleaf acreage rates and vegetative growth due to stable releasing of organic manure althoughin seedling stage the leaf color in modern cultivation was deeper than organic.2, In the organic cultivation there were lower yielding than that in the modern sincethe former had low seed-set rate and light grain weight. The average yielding of five testvarieties under the organic cultivation is only 470.3kg/667m~2 with the decreasing of 20ï¼…tocompare the modem cultivation. The decreasing extent and reason in organic cultivation isdependent on the varieties, "Wuyunjing No.3" with 32.8ï¼…decreasing mainly due to pestsand "Nannong 4005" with 28.2ï¼…due to lodge in late stage and low seed-set rate.3, The organic cultivation has no effect on the rice-processing quality but great effecton appearance, nutrition and steaming quality. There are more rate of chalk rice and lowextent of chalk each rice grain in organic cultivation since it has differentmanure-application way. In addition the grain under organic cultivation have decreaseintendance of amylases, increasing of proteins, good taste. The yeast manure formulationapplied in tillering, booting and filling stage under organic cultivation may increase riceyielding with the increase of 6.6ï¼…due to rising effective tiller number and seed-set rate per ear. Totally the yeast manure formulation could increase the leaf acreage and color, promotethe tillers and spike differentiation, enhance the resistance to pests. It is a very importantmeasure which coiuld be adopted in rice organic production.4, The variety-comparison trials in organic cultivation showed that Huajing No.2 hadthe highest yield with 493.7kg/666.7 m~2 and 154 days of growth duration. Meanwhile thisvariety had vigorous growth, firm culms and roots, proper plant height of 88.6cm, strongertillering ability, more ears and grains, less pests and good quality. It could be recommendedthat Huajing No. 2 is a reasonable variety in rice organic5, During the organic cultivation of rice, effective tillers, total grain numbers andseed-setting per ear, and final yield not grain weight were increased with the amount ofmanure-applied. When the chicken dung was applied before transplanting it could havemore effects on effective tillers, large ear and high yield, to compare the applied during therice growing. The results showed that both yielding and economic benefits would be bestwhen the organic manures were applied 300-450kg/666.7m~2 before transplanting and150kg/666.7m~2 during the rice growing. In organic cultivation of rice primary seedlingsshould be more 10-20 thousands than high-yield cultivation in order to raise rice populationin field.
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