Study On Biological Characters And Standardized Cultivation Techniques Of Scrophularia Ninpoensis Hemsl.

Xuanshen, the dry deep root perennials herbs of Scrophularian ningpoensis Hemsl. In this paper,biological characters of Scrophularian ningpoensis Hemsl. were researched in order to offer theoretical basis for standard cultivation. The indoor experiment included morphology and anatomy of Scrophularian ningpoensis Hemsl.,nutritional organ and biological character of seed germination;the outdoor included morphology and development of Scrophularian ningpoensis Hemsl.,the effect on output and effective ingredients by different planting density,different cultivation ways,different sowing dates,different collecting times,and picking flower bud,the biological character reproduction.The main results as follows:1. Scrophularian ningpoensis Hemsl. seeds have the biological character of absorbing water rapidly.The seeds water absorbtion reached 55.05 % of the maximum after into the water 2 hours , the seeds weight will be about 63.47% as itself,the largest water absorption is 115%.The optimal temperature of Scrophularian ningpoensis Hemsl. seed germination is 30°C, 23/28°C temperature more conducive to seed germination. At the results also appeared that PEG-6000 initiation and GA3 soaking can enhance the seeds germination capacity obviously.In the laboratory,using the filter paper bed,at 25°C,seed of grade 1 the percent of germination is 72.50% and mixture seeds percent of germination is 63.33%.2.Studies on flower character,morphology of flower,pollen vigor,pollination pattern and so on were done.It was showed that:pollen vigor of Scrophularian ningpoensis Hemsl.was more than 80%,pollination time had a little effect on setting seed rate of Scrophularian ningpoensis Hemsl.;the natural setting seed rate was 72.21%and setting seed rate by self-cross was 41.87% which showed that Scrophularian ningpoensis Hemsl. belongs to often cross pollination plants.3.The research on the output and the active ingredients of Scrophularian ningpoensis Hemsl. under different collecting period have shown that the active ingredients of accumulated Scrophularian ningpoensis Hemsl.divided into three stages, from mid-September to October 20 for the slow growth period, October 20 to November 20 for the rapid growth period, from then untill the harvest time the active ingredient has little change. On November 20 the content of Harpagoside up to the maximum, is 0.445%.4.Studies on the cultivation of different ways, different planting dates and pick the buds were done.The conclusions as follow: The optimal date is January 20 in winter, and March 12 is suitable in spring; it also proved that using wide ridge of double dislocation close planting and picking flower bud could significantly increase production of Scrophularian ningpoensis Hemsl..Different planting density had notable effects on output and content of active constituents of Scrophularian ningpoensis Hemsl..The output and content reached the best when the planting density was 40cm×25cm.The output of fresh roots got to 166.75Kg/mu.The content of Harpagoside got to 0.532.%.5.Morphology and anatomy of stalk,leaf and root were observed.There were epidermis hairs in stalks and leaves. Epidermis hairs have the important effects on resisting unfavorable conditions.There are a large number of stone cells, transparent and nearly rectangular, about 92μm.