Genetic Analysis Of The Main Grain Quality Traits Of Rice On An RIL Population Of Long Panicle And Big Grain Character

In recent years, with the development of people's life, the request for the grain quality has become higher and higher. As a result, improving the grain quality has become one of the most important breeding goals for rice breeders. In this paper, we genetically analyzed 10 main grain qualities traits by using the recombinant inbred lines population (RILs, F₁₁) of the 178 lines which is derived from IR24/FJCD by using single seed descent method. The 178 lines and their parents were grown in two different eco-environments at Fuzhou and Shaxian. The FJCD variety was bred by ourselves and has the characteristic of long panicle and big grain. The analytical method was based on the mixed inheritance model of major genes and polygenes of the quantitative traits in plants. The 10 main grain quality was milled rice recovery (MRR),head milled rice recovery (HMRR),rice length (RC),rice width (RW),rice length and width ratio (RLWR),chalky rice rate (CRR),chalkiness degree (CD),translucency, alkali spreading value (ASV) and amylose content (AC) . We analyzed the genetic characters and environmental effects to the 10 main grain qualities for the purpose of supplying scientific references to the QTLs tagging and high quality breeding. The results are shown as follows.1. The analysis on the mixed inheritance model of major genes and polygenes indicated that the 10 grain qualities showed major gene inheritance except that the MRR was controlled only by polygenes. It showed similar genetic model in different environments for MRR,RC,RW,RLWR,translucency,ASV and AC, but other three traits of HMRR,CD and CRR showed different genetic model, which inspired us that when selecting and judging these three traits we must do it in different environments for improving breeding efficiency.2. The analysis on the mixed inheritance model of major genes and polygenes showed that the heritability of the major genes and polygenes of the 10 grain qualities in different environments had similar changing direction. The quality traits of HMRR,rice length,CRR,CD,translucency,ASV and AC were controlled by the heritability of major genes; The others of RW and RLWR were controlled by the heritability of polygenes. The ASV was the most affected by the environment factor, which indicated that we should use different selection methods and breeding strategies to the quality traits which were controlled by the major genes or polygenes. 3. The correlation analysis suggested that there are positive and negative correlations between the 10 main grain qualities. There are both significant negative correlation between HMRR and RC,RW,RLWR,CRR,CD, and significant positive correlation between HMRR and AC. There are significant negative correlation between RLWR and AC, but the correlation between RLWR and CRR,translucency and ASV is not obvious. There are significant positive correlation between CRR and CD, and significant negative correlation between CRR and translucency,ASV. There are significant negative correlation between CD and translucency,ASV, and significant positive correlation between CD and AC. There are significant positive correlation between translucency and ASV. The correlation of the main grain qualities between different eco-environments showed consistency in the ratio of 82.22%, whose correlation didn't change as the change of the environment.