Study On The Major Genes Plus Polygenes Mixed Inheritance Of Yield And Panicle Traits In Rice

The construction of ideal panicle traits, optimization of the yield components and great improvement of the yield per plant are important research area in the breeding for super high yield variety of rice in recent year. In this paper, we genetically analyzed the 15 panicle traits by using the recombinant inbred lines population (RILs, F8) with 178 lines which is derived from IR24/FJCYD. The FJCD variety was bred by ourselves and has the characteristic of long panicle and big grain. The analysis method was based on the major genes plus polygenes mixed inheritance model of quantitative traits in plant. The results are showed below.The analysis on the major genes plus polygenes mixed inheritance model indicated that among the yield and yield components traits, grain weight per plant (GWPP) was controlled only by polygenes. Panicles number of per plant (PN), number of grains main panicle (NGMP),and rate of seed setting (RSS) were showed major genes inheritance. The linkage major genes had complementary, recessive-epistatic and additive-epistatic effect. Number of the spikelets of main panicle (NSMP) and 1000-grain weight (1000GW) were both controlled by major genes with additive and recessive effect and polygenes.As to panicle length (PL) and branch (TB), two pairs of major genes and polygenes worked in PL and length of second branch (LSB). The major genes were recessive-epistatic and complementary effect. Length of first branch (LFB) and number of second branch (NSB) were effected by major genes and polygenes. Number of first branch (NFB) was showed two pairs complementary major genes inheretance.Among grain traits, grain length (GL), and grain width (GW) were controlled by two major genes with recessive-epistatic and additive-epistatic effect. Three pairs of major genes with additive-epistasis played their roles in grain thickness (GT). Grain length/grain width (GL/GW) was controlled by major genes with additive-epistatic effect and polygenes.The analysis on the major genes plus polygenes mixed inheritance parameter showed that among the yield and yield components traits, no genetic parameter was found in GWPP. The heritability of the major genes controlled PN, NGMP and RSS were 54.17%, 81.05%, and 79.15% respectively, with 45.83%, 18.95% and 20.85% of environmental effects. The additive X additive-epistatic interaction effect of the major genes controlled NGMP was I*=1.5474. In NGMP, the major genes have additive effect of d_a=26.9425 and d_b=13.1825. There was d_a=0.1463 and d_b=0.0804 of additive effect, and 1—0.0803 of additive X additive-epistatic effect in the major genes controlled in RSS. The heritability of the major...