Studies On Physiological And Biochemical Characteristics Of Thermo-sensitivity Male-sterile Line In Flax

In order to research the mechanism of occurrence about thermo-sensitive male sterility of flax, leaves and flower buds from male-sterile line 1S and its normal variety(CK) Longya No.9 were chosen as experimental material in budding date, earlying flowering date, flowering date and the end of the flowering date, and the changes of material metabolism, reactive oxygen species metabolism and endogenous metabolism were researched, and the relation of physiological and biochemical characteristics and male-sterility in flax were discussed. The results were as following:1. The relationship between material metabolism and the expression of male sterilitySoluble protein content in the leaves in male-sterile line was higher than its normal variety, and that in the flower buds displays seriously lack, showed that the leaves soluble protein was blocked to the reproductive organ in transportation process in the male-sterile line, which caused the lacks of soluble protein content in the flower buds, thus affected the anther normal metabolism, in the last caused the male sterility occurrence; In the end of the flowering date, soluble protein content in male-sterile line and its normal variety was close, which might because of fertility restores in thermo-sensitivity male-sterile line of Flax.The proline content in the leaves in male-sterile line was higher than its normal variety, and that in the flower buds was quit low, showed that the reason of low proline content in flower buds in male-sterile line was possibly that proline which was synthesized by vegetative organ or other organs was blocked to the reproductive organ in transportation process, it also might result from ability of synthesizing and utilizing praline about the flower buds themselves.The starch content in the leaves in male-sterile line was higher than its normal variety, and that in the flower buds displays seriously lack, showed that in the normal pollen development process, the starch metabolism was active, and the starch in vegetative organ transport to the reproductive organ, which was blocked in male-sterile line, caused the male sterility occurrence; In the end of the flowering date, starch content in male-sterile line and its normal variety was close, which might because of fertility restores in thermo-sensitivity male-sterile line of Flax.2. The relationship between reactive oxygen species metabolism and the expression of male sterilityH2O2 and MDA content in the leaves and the flower buds in male-sterile line was higher than its normal variety, and the difference of those in theflower buds was more remarkable, showed that H2O2 in male-sterile line was not promptly eliminated, thus made the membrane peroxidation degree strengthen, caused the microspore sterility; At the same time, explained that the difference of reactive oxygen species metabolism between male-sterile line and its normal variety mainly existed in the reproductive organ - flower bud.In the main stage of pollen abortion, POD activity in the leaves and the flower buds in male-sterile line was higher than its normal variety, CAT activity and SOD activity were on the contary, showed that POD, CAT and SOD activity were under certain influences, cannot effectively eliminate the vivo free radical, caused the reactive oxygen accumulated, the breaking of the banlance of reactive oxygen species metabolism was realated to pollen abortion.3. The relationship between endogenous hormones metabolism and the expression of male sterility 3.1 The relationship between endogenous hormones content and the expression of male sterilityIAA content in the leaves and the flower buds in male-sterile line was lower than its normal variety, showed that IAA lack possibly caused the pollen mother cell and the microspore cannot obtain the enough nutrition; also caused the development of vascular bundle unmormal, resulted in the water and the nutrients cannot enter the powder chamber, and the metabolism was disorder, thus caused the pollen abortion occurrence.ABA content in the leaves in male-sterile line was higher than its normal variety, in the main stage of pollen abortion, ABA content in the flower buds in male-sterile line was higher than its normal variety, showed that higher ABA content caused the canaliculus economy to flower buds was blocked, make against the breathe utilize and the transportation of assimilation material, caused the lack of the material and enegy, resulted in microspore sterility.ZR content in the leaves in male-sterile line was lower than its normal variety, and that in the flower buds was on the conary, showed that the hoist of ZR content in male-sterile caused the changes of breathe track and the lack of enegy, resulted in the microspore abortion and male sterility occurrence.GA3 content in the leaves and the flower buds in male-sterile line was lower than its normal variety, because GA3 can obviously change the metabolism process of carbohydrate, advance hydrolyze enzymatic activity, made reserve matter hydrolyzed, supply enegy that the plants required in growth and development process, speculated that the depress of GA3 content possibly affect antheral normal development.JA content in the leaves and the flower buds in male-sterile line was lower than its normal variety, as endogenous pollen bourgeon regulator, JA might restrain the bourgeon of pollen. Considered that the depression of JA content in male-sterile line might had some relation to male-sterility occurrence.3.2 The relationship between the balance of endogenous hormones and the expression of male sterilityIAA/ZR, IAA/ABA, GA3/ABA and GA3/JA in flower buds in male-sterile line were lower than its normal variety, The IAA/GA3, ZR/ABA, ZR/GA3, ZR/JA and ABA/JA in male-sterile line were higher than its normal variety in the main stage of pollen abortion. Showed that the balance of endogenous hormones in male-sterile line changed, indicated that the balance of hormones in frond was important to plant normal development, the imbalance relation of hormones possibly caused male-sterility occurrence.The results indicate that there is relativity between steriliy and the physiological and biochemical characters, eg. protein, MDA, POD, endogenous hormones in flower buds and leaves. In conclusion, the obvious characteristic in male sterility of Flax are the deficiency of protein, proline and starch content; the cumulation of H2O2 and MDA content, the increasing of POD activity, the decreasing of the SOD and CAT activity; the deficiency of the IAA, ZR, GA3 and JA content and the over cumulation of ABA content in flower buds.