Research On Biochemical Genetic Markers In Blood Of The Three Types Sheep In Qinghai Province

Three types Tibetan sheep in Qinghai province(n=206)---Oura Tibetan sheep(66), Plateau Tibetan sheep(67), Mountain-Valley Tibetan sheep(73) were used to investigate the polymorphism of eight biochemical genetic markers in blood—hemoglobin(HB),serum esterase(ES), serum amylase(AMY), serum transferrin(TF), serum lactate dehydrogenase(S-LDH), red blood cell lactate dehydrogenase(RBC-LDH), serum alkaline phosphatase(AKP) and erythrocyte potassium phenotype(EK) by means of vertical non-denatured polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis(PAGE), polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis—disc and flame photometer. Meanwhile, the genetic variation and relationship among the three types Tibetan sheep in Qinghai province were analyzed. The results were as follows:1. The polymorphism of HB, ES, AMY2, TF, AKP and EK was showed.Both S-LDH and RBC-LDH were simple.2. There were three gene types examined which were HBAA, HBAB and HBBB controlled by two alleles including HBA and HBB on the loci of HB in Oura Tibetan sheep. There were three gene types including HBAA, HBAB and HBAC controlled by three alleles including HBA, HBB and HBC on the loci of HB in Plateau Tibetan sheep and Mountain-Valley Tibetan sheep examined. HBA was a dominant allele and HBAA was a preponderant gene type in the three types Tibetan sheep in Qinghai province.3. There were two phenotypes including ESA and ESa controlled by two alleles including ESA and ESa on the loci of ES in the three types Tibetan sheep examined. And ESA was a dominant phenotype and ESa was a preponderant allele.4. There were three isozymes of serum amylase: AMY1, AMY2 and AMY3, but only AMY2 has the polymorphism in the three types Tibetan sheep examined. There were two phenotypes including AMY2A and AMY20. AMY20 was dominant phenotype and AMY2⁰ was preponderant allele in the three types Tibetan sheep examined.5. On the loci of serum transferrin, there was abundant polymorphism. There were nine gene types including TFAB,TFAC,TFAD,TFBB,TFBC,TFBD,TFBM,TFCC and TFDD controlled by five alleles including TF^A,TF^B,TF^C,TF^D and TF^M on the loci of TF in Oura Tibetan sheep examined. There were seven gene types including TFAC,TFBB,TFBL,TFBC,TFBD,TFCC and TFDD controlled by five alleles including TF^A,TF^B,TF^L,TF^C and TF^D on the loci of TF in Plateau Tibetan sheep examined. There were thirteen gene types including TFAA,TFAB,TFAC,TFAD,TFBB,TFBL,TFBC,TFBD,TFBE,TFCC,TFCM,TFDD and TFDE controlled by seven alleles including TF^A,TF^B,TF^L,TF^C,TF^D,TF^M and TF^E on the loci of TF in Mountain-Valley Tibetan sheep examined. TFB,TFC and TFD were dominant alleles and TFBB,TFBC,TFBD and TFCC were preponderant gene types in the three types Tibetan sheep examined.6. There were three zones including LDH1, LDH2 and LDH3 on the loci of S-LDH, and only RBC-LDH1 phenotype was showed on the loci of RBC-LDH in the three types Tibetan sheep examined. Both S-LDH and RBC-LDH were simple.7. There were four isozymes of serum alkaline phosphatase including AKPA, AKPB, AKPC and AKPD, but only AKPB has the polymorphism in the three types Tibetan sheep examined. There were two phenotypes including AKPB and AKP0 controlled by a pair of alleles including AKPB and AKP0, and AKP0 was preponderant allele in the three types Tibetan sheep examined, and AKPB was a dominant phenotype in Oura Tibetan sheep and Plateau Tibetan sheep examined, but AKP0 was a preponderant phenotype in Mountain-Valley Tibetan sheep examined.8. There were two phenotypes of EK including HK and LK in Oura Tibetan sheep and Plateau Tibetan sheep examined, but only one phenotype—HK in Mountain-Valley Tibetan sheep. HK was dominant phenotype and Kh was preponderant allele in the three types Tibetan sheep examined.9. The genetic variability of three types Tibetan sheep examined: The degree of genetic variability estimated by mean heterozygosity for examined biochemical genetic markers in blood was relatively higher in Oura Tibetan sheep (0.2441) than in Mountain-Valley Tibetan sheep (0.2084). The average genetic diversity (H_S) and that in the total population (H_T) are 0.2243 and 0.2495 respectively. The average genetic diversity among three sheep breeds (D_ST) is 0.0252; the gene differentiation coefficient of total sheep population (G_ST) is 0.1010.10. relationship of three types Tibetan sheep: the results of genetic distance obtained using Nei's formula among three types Tibetan sheep and cluster analysis showed: The tree grouped Plateau Tibetan sheep and Mountain-Valley Tibetan sheep in one branch, and then grouped Oura Tibetan sheep.