The Studies On Hydrological Features Of Water Conservation Forest In The Trunk Stream Of Songhua River

Based on the theory of forestry hydrology, with the point of view of forest water conservation,the located research method were adopted. The observation points was established in gaolengforestry bureau of fangzheng county which was the trunk stream of songhua river. The function ofwater resource conservation which included the crown canopy precipitation, interception, water-holding capacity of litter layer, physical chemistry properties of soil layer and water holdingcapacity were studied quantificationally in different forest types. As compared with clear terra,thelocal typical forests of Pinus koraiensis plantation, Populus davidiana Dode and Fraxinusmandshurica, Larix gmelini and Fraxinus mandshurica, Tilia mandshuricarupr seconday forest,Quercus mongolica seconday forest and Juglans mandshurica mixed forest were conducted in thepermanent sample plots.The results indicated that the throughfall of all the forest types were less than 50％and morethan half rainfall were intercepted by the canopy layer. The throughfall of Populus davidianaDode and Fraxinus mandshurica and Juglans mandshurica mixed forest were the maximal andreached 40.03％and 44.19％, in the next place, the throughfall of Larix gmelini and Fraxinusmandshurica and Tilia mandshuricarupr seconday forest was 37.22％and 34.08％the throughfall ofPinus koraiensis plantation and Quercus mongolica seconday forest was 27.91％and 24.70％,whichwas the minimum. The relations between rainfall(P′)inside forest and the ether rainfall (P) is themarked plus corraletive. Some oversea scholar adopted the I beeline or parabola equation to expressthe relations between runoff ifi bole and the rainfall, based on the comparison between two methods,the calculated effect of beeline equation was preferable. The total store quantity of Pinus koraiensisplantation was 66.85t/hm~2 and was the maximum, the total store quantity of Juglans mandshuricamixed forest was 25.88 t/hm~2 scantly and was the minimum. The difference of litter layer water-holding capacity was biggish in different plants, the litter layer water-holding capacity of Juglansmandshurica mixed forest reached 321.2％that was the maximum, the number of Populusdavidiana Dode and Fraxinus mandshuric was 279.0％that was the centered, the litter layer water-holding capacity of Pinus koraiens was plantation, Tilia mandshuricarupr seconday forest andQuercus mongolica seconday forest was 241.7％,246.1％,238.4％around 240％, the Larix gmeliniand Fraxinus mandshurica was only 183.3％and was the minimum.Baesd on actual edaphicthethickness, the calculated maximum store water quantity in every kind of forest types was 3184.31t/hm~2 (Populus davidiana Dode and Fraxinus mandshuric), 3089.24 t/hm~2 (Pinus koraiensisplantation), 3049.71 t/ hm~2(Tilia mandshuricarupr seconday forest), 2981.30 t/hm~2(Juglansmandshurica mixed forest), 2775.84 t/hm~2(Larix gmelini and Fraxinus mandshurica), 2693.50t/hm~2(Quercus mongolica seconday forest), 1570.621570.62 t/hm~2(bare land)in turn, the function of water conservation was outstanding in the soil of Populus davidiana Dode and Fraxinusmandshurica, which have the maximum both maximum store water quantity and the effective storewater quantity.As a whole, the function of water resource conservation of Tilia mandshuricarupr secondayforest was maximum in the researched six forest types, Populus davidiana Dode and Fraxinusmandshurica and Pinus koraiensis plantation was secondary. The researchful results supplied thescientific elementary datas and the theoretical foundations to the improvement of woody ecosystemfunction in fangzheng area.