Enlightenment On The Construction Of EA In China By Comparative Study Between China And Foreign Countries

Through comparative study of the history, current situation, problems, countermeasures and experiences of the development of EA(Ecological Agriculture)in USA, Germany, Japan, Israel, and China, this paper illustrates the shortcomings of the evolution of EA in China. (1) Currently, the building of system of EA is still far from completion, and the effective service system for technology promoting has not been built yet. (2) Lacking of incentive mechanism encouraged by policy, the farmers can not achieve satis economic benefit and have no enthusiasm on EA. (3) With low standard of industrialization of EA, the structure of domestic market of agriculture is faultiness. There are several problems, such as scale is small, establishment is not enough, the management system and behavior rules need to be improved, lack of talent on market management etc, need to be solved in the capital goods markets that has been already been built. (4) The study on the trend of development of EA abroad is not enough, some of the studies on EA of foreign countries are based on the subjectivity conjectures rather than the objective judges by the scholars. Under these conditions, the development of EA in China can not integrate with that in the other countries easily. (5) The system of Chinese EA has taken shape initially, basically it is conformity of the past technologies, and lacking of study on comprehensive technical measures of compound EA system design, including separately the development of traditional technology and introducing of high technology, etc. (6) Due to the disunity of EA mode and standard, the peasant does not know how to choose during the period of concrete operations. (7) Short of experts , low level of education standard, conscious less of environmental protection and blindly pursuing of profit are the main factors that caused great barriers for the extending of EA in rural area. (8) The research on EA demonstrates simplifying situation, which did not connect the EA with the enterprises in rural area, and EA can improve the environment which was destroyed by those enterprises in rural area.Here are some enlightens we can get from the development of EA in foreign countries:(1) Accelerate the internationalization of EA in China with some useful experiences and through international cooperation, which can improve the development of EA in China.(2) Advance the industrialization of EA, industrialization of agriculture is the bound way to realize the modernization of agriculture.(3) Enhancing the organization and management of EA and improving the monitoring system construction.(4) To enhancing the policy support and investment on EA development, the government needs to build nicer management mechanism, reinforce the implementation of current EA law and accelerate the process of local EA law.(5) Rich the new management ideas of EA , organize multi-discipline cooperation and highlight the interface technology and environmental monitoring practical technology in EA engineering. Working hard on optimization of industrial structure, rational resource allocation in agriculture, EA environmental pollution prevention and control and setting up harmonize administration of EA.The outlook of development of EA in China:(1)After years of studying and broad agricultural practice, the problem of food and cloth has been basically solved in China. The goal of agricultural production has turned from the quantity to quality. The urgent mission need to be done is how to restructure the agriculture production, introduce and develop new technology to improve the agriculture productivity effect, promote the quality of agriculture production and safety of food, and enhance the international competing capability and the ability to resist the natural calamities.(2) With the fast development of sic-tech, there will be some new problems caused by the high technology applied in the development of EA. Thus, we should pay more attention to the effect of genetically-modified technology, IT and other technology on the development of EA, especially adoption of countermeasure on the hidden negative effect.(3) Agricultural resource environment circumstances is still austere, our country is on the turning point from ecological deficit to ecological restoring. Currently, it is the the main task to make the betterment of agricultural environment and promotion of sustainable development.(4) The supervision on the sanitation and safety of food become more and more strict in every country and the standard of that becomes higher and higher, especially on the hygiene safety standards and environmental protection techniques and production related to the agricultural production and trade. Nowadays, the international standardizes committee (ISO) having already worked out environment international standard ISO14000, emphasizing the enterprise activity and the influence of production on the environment. With the world economy integration and trade liberalization, every country has reduced customs duties; meanwhile they have improved the technology barriers related to the environmental technology. Since China has been a member of WTO, agriculture problem is one of the most sensitive problems and stands for a high priority. All of these mentioned above has promoted the development of EA in China.