Flight Ability And Some Related Physiological Mechanism In Social Type And Scattered Type Locusta Migratoria Manilensis (Meyen)

For there are no full-scale knowledges about flight ablity and related physiological mechanism of social type and scattered type Locusta migratoria manilensis(Meyen), the paper does research on these aspects through insect flight mill, biochemical analysis technology and electron microscope. The results are as follows:1. During the 10 hours test of the social type and scattered type Locusta migratoria manilensis (Meyen), the social type exhibits stronger flight ability. The distance of the longest one flied about 65 kilometers, and the total flying duration is more than 7 hours, the 10-day old ones possess the strongest flying ability, Different day adult individuals show distinct significant difference. The scattered type adults don't fit for long distance migration. Compared with social type individuals, the total flying distance and flying duration of the scattered ones are significant lower.2. The contents of glycogen and glyceride are quite different between social type and scattered type Locusta migratoria manilensis (Meyen), the glyceride contents of the social ones the glyceride is about 6-7 times of the scatterer ones. During the original flight moment, a mass of glycogen is consumed, and glyceride is utilized during the whole flight. Five glycoten and glycerdie related enzymes in the flight muscle of scattered type are all relative low. The activities of GAPDH and HOAD are high during the flight in the flight muscle of the social ones. The ratio of GAPDH and HOAD is about 1, using both glycogen and glyceride as the energy materials. There is some positive correlative between flight ability and enzyme activity.3. Juvenile hormones (JH) can be effectively separated by reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) in Locusta migratoria manilensis (Meyen). The contens of JH is quite little,and the titer is no more than 30ng/ml in haemolymph of the 4th-instar and 5th-instar social type and scattered type Locusta migratoria manilensis (Meyen) nymphae. The titer is less than 20ng/ml in the haemolymph of the newly emergence adults, the biggest titer is 67.8ng/ml. After emergence the JH titer goes up as the day increases for both types, the 10-day old adults possess the peak value, then deceased slowly. The JH titer in haemolymph of the scattered 7-20 day old adults is disinct higher than the social ones.4. Ultrastructure of the indirect flight muscle of Locusta migratoria manilensis (Meyen) was examined with electron microscope. 7 days after emergence, adults present legible hexagonal structure, thick and thin filaments form a hexagonal lattice with ratio myosin and actin in 1:3. The mitochondrial proportion is about 42.96% of the myofibril's total volume in 7-day social type ones, and the corresponding propotion in the scattered type is 22.45%. Different content of mitochondria result in distinct flight muscle energy supply. The length of sarcomere is 2.1-3.4μm, the longer the sarcomere, and the slower the flexing speed. Sarcomere length in 7-day and 10 day-old adults is shorter than the ones of homologous scattered type. These distinctions lead to their enormous flight ability difference.