Studies On Block To Prevent And Cure Main Nutritional And Metabolic Diseases Of Scalpers In Guyuan Area

The amount of livestock on hand of scalpers in GuYuan in 2005 was 680,000, 58% in NingXia. GuYuan was an important beef industial strip in NingXia. Nutritional and metabolic diseases became a factor to restrict the development of the industry. In order to prevent and cure the main nutritional and metabolic diseases of scalpers in GuYuan, forages; water and blood were collected to detect the content of six macro-elements (Natrium, Kalium, Chlorine, Sulfur, Calcium, Phosphor) and nine trace-elements (Copper, Iodine, Selenium, Molybdenum, Zinc, Cobalt, Manganese, Ferrum, Fluorine), blood biochemistry indexes were detected, surplus-deficit regularity of mineral elements were established. Feed additives were designed by the results above, optimum feed formula was screened by feeding experiments, multi-nutrient blocks were made by pressing. The research results indicated:1 The incidence rate of pica of scalpers in GuYuan was above 20%.2 The rough content regularity of the mineral elements in forages in GuYuan were as follows: Fe was overdose; Ca, K, Cl, Mn, Zn and F were content; Cu, S and Mo were lack; Na, P, Co, Se and I were lack seriously. The content of fluorine in drinking water of animals was 1.55±0.32 mg/L, was in high lever fluorine. The rough content regularity of the mineral elements in scalpers in GuYuan was as follows: Fe and F were overdose, Ca, Mn and Mo are content, P, Na, K, Cl, Co, Se and I were lack generally, Zn was absent regionally.3 Based the therapeutic effects, formula II and formula III were both effective. The optimum feed formula was formula III, the formula was effective to prevent and cure the main nutritional and metabolic diseases of scalpers in GuYuan.4 The main reason of pica of scalpers in GuYuan was lack of Phosphor, Selenium, Cobalt and Iodine in their bodies and maybe overdose of Ferrum and Fluorine associated. The contents of copper and cobalt in blood of scalpers cann't be the indexes to evaluate their metabolic status.5 Multi-nutrient blocks were made by pressing without molasses, technological process was simplified, the price was cheaper than before. There are calcium hydrogen phosphate 219～328 g,Zn 2.5～3.75 g,Cu 0.75～1.125 g,I 0.025～0.038 g,Se 0.02～0.03 g,Co 0.01～0.015 g,NaCl 250 g,Urea 150 g,curing agent 70～100 g, agglomerant 200～300 g The pressure to make block was 18 MPa, break strength of the block was 242±63 kN. The blocks were put into water, 1.1±0.2 cm of blocks were macerated during 24 hours, 1.5±0.2 cm of blocks were macerated during 48 hours, couldn't spread during 72 hours. The average lap quantity of scalpers was 1.832±0.596 kg/d during seven days.In the study, the main reason of pica of scalpers in GuYuan was revealed, the first block for the scalpers in GuYuan was invented, the paper supplied some theoretical explorations to discuss the absorption rate of elements in the condition of multiple trace-element.