Study On The Biological Characteristics Of Grifola Umbellata

Grifola umbellata are a group of medicinal fungi that belong to Eumycota, Basidiomycotina, Hymenomycetes,Aphyllophorales, Polyporaceae. To choose the best strain and the most suitable harvest time, the research utilized 3 different Grifola umbellata strains and sclerotia of Grifola umbellata in various developmental stages (white sclerotia, grey sclerotia, black sclerotia) as the research materials, and studied on growth of hyphae, microstructure and polysaccharides content. Besides, the bag planting was also explored in the research. The main results were as follows:1. Hyphae of 3 strains were apparently different in morphology and amount of asexual spores, formation of rhizomorph and calcium oxalate crystal. The asexual spores morphology of strain X1, X2 and X3 were: between short rod-shaped and dumbbell-shaped, dumbbell-shaped, short rod-shaped.2. The hyphae of X2 strain was the best in growth speed of hyphae and polysaccharides content, and its mycelia grew prosperously and thickly. The content of intracellular polysaccharides and extracellular polysaccharides of X2 strain were both the highest , being 30.4 mg/g and 0.111 mg/mL. X2 strain is the best strain choice in Grifola umbellata planting.3. Sclerotia derived from hyphae and sclerotia obtained in the field were similar in morphology and microstructure; while in polysaccharides content, Sclerotia derived from hyphae was lower than sclerotia obtained in the field, being 15.95 mg/g and 26.14 mg/g.4. In polysaccharides content, black sclerotia was the highest, being 56.41 mg/g, wild white sclerotia and grey sclerotia were following, white sclerotia derived from hyphae was the lowest. Black sclerotia is the highest one in quality, it is the best developmental stage to harvest.