Factors Affecting Shoot Tip Culture And Regeneration From Hypocotyls Of Nectarine (Prunus Persica Var.Nectarina)

Peach [Prunus persica (L.) Batsch]has been long enjoyed for its exuberantnutrition and delicious taste.But In the breeding work of the peach, conventional hybrid techniques are not always satisfied for its long period and large amount of work.. With the spring up of modern biological techniques and the applying of gene engineering, which made it possible for us to change the qualities of peach through gene engineering. But first of all, we need establish a high frequent and stable regeneration system of peach.In order to set up regenerate system of peach, the nectarine cultivar Huaguang,Shuguang and Qinguang2# were used as materials, through studying the factors influencing shoot tip culture, we have developed the primary culture system of the shoot tip culture. And have developed a shoot organogenesis from hypocotyls procedure for later ripe nectarine cultuvar Qinguang2#。Results are as follows:(1)In the shoot tip culture,the 75% alcohol 30s and the 0.1% HgCl2 5min and the NaClO3 8min is the better for the nectarine shoot tip sterilization and the survival ratio is more high ,it is 68.4%.The mid February is better time for the gathering shoot tip, the 1 year no spring tress wattle was settled in the house, when it sprout and has 2-3 leaf, the pollute rate is lower and adapt to develop.(2) The G+6-BA 0.25mg/L+GA₃ 1.00mg/L+IBA 1.00mg/L is the better for the first culture for the Huaguang and the Shuguang, the inductivity is 57.8% and 42.6%. The 6-BA0.25mg/L+GA₃0.50mg/L+IBA1.00mg/L is the better for Ginguang2#, the inductivity is 41.3%.(3) In the embryo germination experimentation of the Qinguang2# nectarine, removed seed coats and cool(5℃) treatment are benefit to embryo's germination, the germination rate is 93.33%; In the sugar moss concentration 30g/L ,germination rate is best highest, it is 75.66%; the 1600mg/L GA₃ 24h treatment is benefit to germination , the germination rate is 62.3%.(4) In the hypocotyls regermination experimentation of the Qinguang2# nectarine, the upper, middle and lower hypocotyls has significant difference; dark culture has no significant difference; and by the 7-days normal temperature and light beforehand train could get more stronger and younger hypocotyls, the regeneration rate reach 34.38 %.(5) The QL culture medium is best for the hypocotyls, the regeneration rate is 31.0%,the per regeneration adventitious is 1.63. The hypocotyls regeneration performed best on the medium of QL+TDZ 2.0 mg/L+NAA 0.5 mg/L, reach 38.67 %, the maximum of 2.50 means number of shoots organogenesis per explants is obtained.(6) In the process of Qinguang2# somatic cell develop, SOD is first rise and then lower, POD and CAT are opposition to SOD, the enzyme activity first lower and then rise gradually.(7) Through observe under a microscope and found: before the generation the cell core is small and cytoplasm is few, the state of vacuole is serious; and then the cell bulk became bigger and cell arrangement was dispersible; then the cell became slack and have the process of mitosis; when the adventitious bud appereed, the cell continue division and fromed two cell embryo; then, when the callus obtain adventitious bud, the embryonic cell fromed and can see the sphere embryo in the cell.