Fungicidal Activity Of Fermentation Products Of Several Higher Fungus

There are many bioactive compounds from higher fungi. With the rapid development of naturally occurring pesticides, higher fungi may become an emphasis in pesticide field after botanical pesticides and microbial pesticides. The mycelium and fermentation broth of several strains higher fungus were selected for insecticidal and antifungal activities and constituents research guidied by bioassay.The results were as follows.1.The insecticidal activities of the mycelium of several strains higher fungus were extracted with acetone and fermentation broth of several strains higher fungus were tested by Leaf Disc method.Results showed that the fermentation products of several strains higher fungus have no toxic activities.2. The antifungal activities of the mycelium of several strains higher fungus were extracted with acetone and fermentation broth of several strains higher fungus were tested in vitro. At the concentration of 0.5mg·mL-1,the results showed that acetone extracts from mycelium of Oudemansiella furfuracea var. furfuracea and Oudemansiella furfuracea var. bispota had significant growth inhibition to mycelium of the fourteen pathogens. The acetone extract from mycelium of Oudemansiella furfuracea var. furfuracea had strong growth inhibition against Alternaria alternata (Fries) Keissler, Golletotrichum gloeosporioides(Penz.)Penz. et Sacc., Bipolaris maydis (Nisikado .et Miyake)Shoem., Cytospora sp., Exserohilum turcicum (Pass.) Leonard & Suggs and Botrytis cinerea Pers.et Tris.. At the concentration of 0.5mg·mL-1, the growth inhibition rate were all above 80%.Moreover,At the concentration of 10mg·mL-1,the results showed that fermentation broth of Oudemansiella furfuracea var. furfuracea and Laetiporus sulphureus had significant growth inhibition to mycelium of the fourteen pathogens. The fermentation broth of Oudemansiella furfuracea var. furfuracea had strong growth inhibition against Bipolaris maydis (Nisikado .et Miyake)Shoem., Exserohilum turcicum (Pass.) Leonard & Suggs, F.graminearum and Botrytis cinerea Pers.et Tris.. At the concentration of 10mg·mL-1, the growth inhibition rate were all above 70%. The fermentation broth of Laetiporus sulphureus had strong growth inhibition against F. oxysporum, A.alternate and Bipolaris maydis (Nisikado .et Miyake)Shoem. At the concentration of 10mg·mL-1, the growth inhibition rate were all above 65%.Then we selected Oudemansiella furfuracea var. furfuracea as our test sample.3. At the concentration of 0.5mg·mL-1, the effectiveness of therapeutic and protective were 63.8% and 74.9% against Blumeria graminis and therapeutic and protective were 62.8% and 61.9% against Exserohilum turcicum with acetone extracts from mycelium of Oudemansiella furfuracea var. furfuracea in vivo. Result showed that the antifungal activities component in the mycelium of Oudemansiella furfuracea var. furfuracea .4. Form the text ,we concluded that the antifungal activity was among petroleum ether extraction and ethyl acetate extraction,At the concenteation of 0.5mg·mL-1,the inhibition of petroleum ether extraction against Alteraria mali, Golletotrichum gloeosporioides(Penz.)Penz. et Sacc. ,Alternaria solani(Ell. Et Mart)Jones et Grout.,Cytospora sp.,Botrytis cinerea Pers.et Tris. was high above 90% and ethyl acetate extraction against Alteraria mali , Golletotrichum gloeosporioides(Penz.)Penz. et Sacc. was high above 100%.5. Two compounts was isolated from petroleum ether extraction and ethyl acetate extraction by colum chromatographys, and its was identified with EI(FAB)-MS, 1HNMR and 13CNMR,DEPT.The compoundⅠis ergosterol and compoundⅡis galactitol.At the concentration of 0.5mg·mL-1, compoundⅠand compoundⅡhad strong growth inhibition against Bacillus subtilis ,Bacillus cereus,Exserohilum turcicum (Pass.) Leonard & Suggs,Golletotrichum gloeosporioides(Penz.)Penz. et Sacc.