| The experiment with the super hybrid early rice variety Luliangyou996 and itsparents,996 and Lul 8S,the control variety Jinyou402 and its parents,R402 and Jin23Awere carried out to systematically study from yield, yield components, early-periodprevalence of tillering, leaf area index(LAI),dry-matter accumulation, chlorophyll,photosynthetic rate, superoxide dismutase(SOD),root vigor. The main results are asfollows:1.The yield of Luliangyou996,996,Jinyou402,R402 average output was627.5kg/667m~2,541.6kg/667m~2,576.7kg/667m~2 and 426.6kg/667m~2 respectively,compared to Jinyou402 yield of Luliangyou996 increased by 8.8％,the yield of 996increased by 26.9％compared to R402,significant difference was found betweenLuliangyou996 and Jinyou402,996 and R402.Luliangyou996 increased by 15.89％compared to 996,the yield of Jinyou402 increased by 35.1％compared toR402,significant difference was found. Except unit area effective panicle number,spikelets number per panicle, seed setting rate and 1000-grain weight ofLuliangyou996 increased by 17.7％,15.2％and 10.5％respectively compared toJinyou402. The spikelets number per panicle of 996 is the most of all. This indicatedthe fine character of parents was the basis of the high yield of hybrid, it's veryimportant to the high yield of yield comprehension characters of hybrid rice.2.The leaf age and growth period of their parents of Luliangyou996 and thecontrol variety Jinyou402 were nearly the same. The tillering ability(TA) ofLuliangyou996 was weaker than that of Jinyou402,but the effective tiller percentagewas higher than that of Jinyou402;while the (TA) of 996 was weaker than that of R402,but the effective tiller percentage was higher than that of R402;the (TA) ofLu18S was also weaker than that of Jin23A.This result indicated that the stronger the(TA) of the parents was, the stronger (TA) the hybrid had, the higher effective tillerpercentage of the parents was, the higher effective tiller percentage hybrid had too.This indicated that the (TA) and the effective tiller percentage of parents hadtremendous effect on hybrid variety.3.The leaf area index in turn was the Luliangyou996＞Jinyou402＞996＞Lu18S＞R402＞Jin23A, leaf area the top three function leaves in turn was Luliangyou996＞996＞Jinyou402＞R402＞Lu18S＞Jin23A. The result indicated that leaf area indexand the final three function leaves of Luliangyou996 and the parents were higher thanthat of Jinyou402,and the bigger photosynthetical leaf area was maintained in the lategrowth period.From heading stage to 20th day after heading, the export rate of culm-sheath drymatter of Luliangyou996 and Jinyou402 and each male parent was 32.9%,20%, 35.61% and 26.89% respectively, the weight of average plant dry-matter ofLu18S was higher than that of Jin23A. The weight of average plant dry-matter ofLuliangyou996 and its male parent was obviously higher than that of the controlJinyou402 and its male-parent R402. This indicated that Luliangyou996 had high yieldcharacteristic of more of the export of culm-sheath dry matter and heavy panicle4. Chlorophyll content of flag leaf, second and third leaves in Luliangyou996 washigher than those of Jinyou402,chlorophyll content of functional the top three leavesof 996 was lower than those of R402,while female parent Lu18S was higher thanthose of Jin23A. The photosynthetic rate of the flag leaf in Luliangyou996 washigher than that of Jinyou402 in the whole growth period, while the second leaf ofLuliangyou996 was lower than that of Jinyou402,which decreased slowly in lategrowth period; chlorophyll content of the flag leaf, second and third leaves of 996was higher than that of R402 respectively. The photosynthetic rate of Lu18S topthree functional leaves in Lu18S was lower than that of jin23A. The SOD activitiesgradually decreased after heading stage. From heading date to 18th day after heading,the SOD activities of Luliangyou996 and the Jinyou402 was decreased 30.14% and 38.6% respectively; while SOD activities of their male-parent 996 and R402 wasdecreased 28.03%and42.66% respectively; The SOD activities of Lu18S in thewhole growth period were higher than that of Jin23A.These physiological traits indicated more numbers of photosynthesis in unitsleaves area, aged more slowly function leaves, stronger photosynthesis capability andphysiological traits in the late growth period, and more photosynthetical productproduced and accumulated in Luliangyou996 were benefit for high-yield formation.5. The root vigor of Jinyou402 in the early growth period was stronger than thatof Luliangyou996, but dropped quickly, in the late growth period the root vigor wasobviously lower than that of the Lulingyou996 at wax ripening period, while rootvigor of R402 in the early period was stronger than that of 996, but dropped quicklytoo. root vigor was obviously lower than that of the 996 at wax ripening. In wholeperiod, the root vigor of Lu18S and jin23A was higher than that of their hybrid varietyand male parents. The root vigor maintained higher level in the female parent thatmaybe result from the male-sterile.
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