Studies On Cultivated Techniques Of High-yielding And On Physiological Characteristics Of A Super Early Rice, Luliangyou 996

In the experiment Luliangyou 996 with super early rice is used as themain experimental materials, which is provided by Rice ResearchedInstitute, Hunan Agricultural University, through the study on differenttransplanting number per bunch,different density of transplanting,fertilizer ratio and different date of direct sowing in Autumn, the mainresults are as follows.(1)Tr2 seedling per bunch in different transplanting number per bunchis useful to growth and keep coordination each other between yieldcomponents, and the average theoretical yields are 19.43%,48.94 %and 71.73%higher over the tr1,3,4 seedling per bunch respectively; practice of yieldsoutput 18.96%, 42.34% and 59.08%. By the analysis of Variance shows, yieldof each treatment reach the significant level (F=6.57＞F_0.05=4.76). Analysisof physiological characteristics under the different transplanting numberper bunch show tr1 per bunch has the higher NAR and RGR, but imbalancephenomenon is more serious at the early and late growth stage, and tr3 perbunch also expresses similar situation, and tr4 per bunch has the lowestNAR and RGR, while NAR and RGR of tr2 per bunch has remained a coordinatedstate at the early and late growth stage. By determination of CHL Contentand MDA content of the flag leaf show, tr4 per bunch have obvious downwardtrend, tr3 is the second and the tr2 is the minimum: MDA content of flagleaf shows, tr4＞tr3＞tr1＞tr2.(2) Luliangyou 996 with super early rice in four different transplantingdensities construct four different population traits. A4 transplantingdensity is the most optimized, followed by A1, A2and A3 are minimum, which is in main relation with the inherent characteristics of the rectangularand square planting pattern. The major quantitative trait and the mainqualitative trait under different planting densities have significantlypositive correlation, but between quantitative and qualitative traits ofpopulation are negatively correlated, especially the SSR and MTN, averagepanicle weight per plant and MTN and the number is -0.2781 -0.2171. Analysisof Path coefficient shows that ETR, SSR, the average panicle weight perplant are most affected by the MTN. Direct Path coefficient is -4.2022,-4.3033 and -4.4751. The decreased trend of total CHL content of flag leafand the corresponding photosynthesis,cond,transpiration rate and theconcentration of CO₂ is A3＞A2＞A1＞A4. As for the MDA content of flag leafamong different population, A3 planting density have the largestaccumulation, and A2, A1 and A3 planting density give the MDA content low13.10%. 5.10% and 26.35%.(3) The research of characteristics of sink,source and flow underdifferent fertilizer ratio show that the sink and source are coordinatedunder three different levels of fertilization. Low fertility is at a lowlevel of coordination, high fertility is at a high level of coordination,but the second fertilization (N:K=10:4:8) is most conducive to buildingthe sink,the source and the flow at a higher level of coordination. Thusthe yield is significantly higher than the other two levels offertilization.By determination of the main nutrient elements N,P,K of leaf(source),panicle(sink) and stem(flow)show the fertilization 2 (treatment) is thehighest, fertilization3 (treatment) is the second, and fertilization 1(treatment) is the minimum. This is also an important physiological reasonthat lead to the difference of yield under different treatment.(4) Among the three different direct sowing dates (7/10,7/13,7/16) inAutumn, 7/13(D2)is most conducive to the improvement of the seedling quality, which is the best individual development,higher leaf area andphotosynthetic characteristics. In the same direct sowing date,Luliangyou 996 is significantly better than the Jinyou 402.Analysis of yield and yield components in different sowing dates showsthat others are very significant level, in addition to grain weight andpanicle length have no significant difference. Because of high total grainnumber and mature grain number, so that the yield of Luliangyou 996 issignificantly higher than the control Combination Jinyou 402. Varianceanalysis of split-plot on different sowing dates and LSD multiplecomparison show the different plots have no differences. But differentsowing dates (A factor)(F=60.63**＞F_0.05=6.94,F_0.01=13.75)and the twovarieties (B factor) (F=394.53**＞F_0.05=5.99,F_0.01=13.75) have highlysignificant differences, and AxB interactions＞1.